Abd-Elmaksoud A, Sinowatz F
Institute of Veterinary Anatomy II, University of Munich, Veterinärstrasse 13, D-80539 Munich, Germany.
Anat Histol Embryol. 2005 Oct;34(5):319-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0264.2005.00651.x.
It is now well established that normal development and function of testis are mediated by endocrine and paracrine pathways including hormones, growth factors and cytokines as well as by direct cell-to-cell contacts depending on tight, adhering and gap junctions. In the last two decades, several growth factors were identified in the testis of various mammalian species. Growth factors are shown to promote cell proliferation, regulate tissue differentiation, and modulate organogenesis. Interestingly, most of these peptides are expressed not only in the adult mammalian testis during spermatogenesis but also during testicular morphogenesis in prenatal and postnatal life. Our study was launched to provide an overview of the expression, localization, and putative physiological roles of growth factors and their receptors in the mammalian testis. The growth factors considered in this part of our review are fibroblast growth factors and insulin-like growth factors. These factors are found in testicular cells in prenatal, postnatal, and adult animals and are implicated in the regulation of important testicular activities including testicular cord morphogenesis, modulation of testicular hormone secretion and control of spermatogenesis.
现在已经充分证实，睾丸的正常发育和功能是由内分泌和旁分泌途径介导的，这些途径包括激素、生长因子和细胞因子，以及通过依赖紧密连接、黏附连接和缝隙连接的直接细胞间接触来实现。在过去的二十年里，在各种哺乳动物的睾丸中发现了几种生长因子。生长因子被证明可以促进细胞增殖、调节组织分化和调节器官发生。有趣的是，这些肽中的大多数不仅在成年哺乳动物睾丸的精子发生过程中表达，而且在产前和产后生活中的睾丸形态发生过程中也有表达。我们开展这项研究是为了概述生长因子及其受体在哺乳动物睾丸中的表达、定位和假定的生理作用。在我们综述的这一部分中考虑的生长因子是成纤维细胞生长因子和胰岛素样生长因子。这些因子在产前、产后和成年动物的睾丸细胞中都有发现，并参与调节重要的睾丸活动，包括睾丸索形态发生、睾丸激素分泌的调节和精子发生的控制。
