Aso Celestino, Enríquez Goya, Fité Marta, Torán Nuria, Piró Carmen, Piqueras Joaquim, Lucaya Javier
Department of Pediatric Radiology, Vall d'Hebron Children's Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.
Radiographics. 2005 Sep-Oct;25(5):1197-214. doi: 10.1148/rg.255045109.
Ultrasonography (US) is well suited to the study of pathologic conditions of the scrotum in children. US provides excellent anatomic detail; when color Doppler and power Doppler imaging are added, testicular perfusion can be assessed. Gray-scale, color Doppler, and power Doppler US were used to study a spectrum of scrotal disorders in 750 boys aged 1 day to 17 years. The entities studied included processus vaginalis-related disorders (cryptorchidism, inguinal-scrotal hernia, and hydrocele); varicocele; acute scrotum (epididymo-orchitis, torsion of the testicular appendages, and testicular torsion); scrotal tumors; testicular microlithiasis; scrotal trauma; and systemic diseases with scrotal involvement. When combined with the results of clinical and physical examination, the information obtained with US is sufficient to enable diagnosis in most cases of scrotal disease. Moreover, color Doppler imaging is essential for differentiation between processes such as epididymo-orchitis or torsion of the testicular appendages and testicular torsion, which have similar clinical manifestations (pain, swelling, and redness) but are managed differently.
超声检查（US）非常适合用于研究儿童阴囊的病理状况。超声能提供出色的解剖细节；若加上彩色多普勒和能量多普勒成像，就可以评估睾丸灌注情况。我们使用灰阶、彩色多普勒和能量多普勒超声，对750名年龄从1天至17岁的男孩的一系列阴囊疾病进行了研究。所研究的病症包括与鞘状突相关的疾病（隐睾症、腹股沟阴囊疝和鞘膜积液）；精索静脉曲张；急性阴囊病变（附睾炎、睾丸附件扭转和睾丸扭转）；阴囊肿瘤；睾丸微石症；阴囊创伤；以及累及阴囊的全身性疾病。当超声检查结果与临床和体格检查结果相结合时，所获得的信息足以在大多数阴囊疾病病例中做出诊断。此外，彩色多普勒成像对于鉴别临床表现相似（疼痛、肿胀和发红）但治疗方法不同的疾病，如附睾炎或睾丸附件扭转与睾丸扭转，至关重要。
