Ghielmetti Mascia, Reschner Anca, Zwicker Marianne, Padovan Elisabetta
DKF Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Research, Sahli Haus 2, Room 6, Bern University Hospital, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland.
Immunobiology. 2005;210(2-4):211-5. doi: 10.1016/j.imbio.2005.05.015.
Modern vaccines aim at conferring immune protection, independently of the nature of the etiological agent causing the disease. These new therapeutics are based on highly purified antigenic moieties that offer potential advantages over traditional vaccines, including a high degree of safety and the capacity of eliciting highly specific immune responses. In spite of these advantages however, subunit vaccines tend to be poorly immunogenic in vivo, and require the coadministration of adjuvants that indirectly enhance cellular immunity. Thus, recombinant vaccines development is dependent on the design of new molecules, non-immunogenic per se, but endowed with immune modulatory properties. Synthetic analogs of bacterial lipoproteins were described more than a decade ago, but their capacity to act as adjuvants has been only recently dissected. These low molecular weight non-immunogenic molecules can be reproducibly synthetized, are safe, and of easy handling and administration. Furthermore, new experimental data from our laboratory reveal their powerful adjuvant effect on human HLA-I/II restricted T cell responses and identify the molecular and cellular requirements for optimal adjuvanticity.
现代疫苗旨在提供免疫保护，而不考虑引起疾病的病原体的性质。这些新型治疗剂基于高度纯化的抗原部分，与传统疫苗相比具有潜在优势，包括高度安全性和引发高度特异性免疫反应的能力。然而，尽管有这些优点，亚单位疫苗在体内往往免疫原性较差，需要同时使用佐剂来间接增强细胞免疫。因此，重组疫苗的开发依赖于新分子的设计，这些分子本身无免疫原性，但具有免疫调节特性。细菌脂蛋白的合成类似物在十多年前就已被描述，但其作为佐剂的作用能力直到最近才被剖析。这些低分子量的无免疫原性分子可以重复合成，安全且易于处理和给药。此外，我们实验室的新实验数据揭示了它们对人类HLA-I/II限制性T细胞反应具有强大的佐剂作用，并确定了最佳佐剂活性的分子和细胞要求。
