Barbato G F, Kruzelock R P
Department of Poultry Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802.
Behav Genet. 1992 May;22(3):381-98. doi: 10.1007/BF01066669.
A complete diallel cross using both sexes was derived from four parental populations of chickens having divergent developmental rates. This paradigm was used to investigate the genetic architecture of the neurochemicals, norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (EPI), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), dopamine (DA), and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG). No sex differences were found for any genetic parameter investigated. Estimates of average line effects, maternal effects, and additive sex linkage were not significant. Highly significant heterosis, in the form of overdominance, was observed for catecholamine and metabolite concentrations. Hybrids exhibited significant line heterosis in the positive direction for NE, while heterosis for MHPG was observed in the negative direction for all crosses. Heterosis for EPI was both line and brain area specific with the hypothalamus showing greatest heterotic effects. DOPAC showed significant heterosis for all lines only in the optic tectum, and DA showed little heterosis specific to any line, cross, or brain area.
利用具有不同发育速率的四个鸡亲本品系构建了一个包含雌雄两性的完全双列杂交群体。该模型用于研究神经化学物质去甲肾上腺素（NE）、肾上腺素（EPI）、3,4-二羟基苯乙酸（DOPAC）、多巴胺（DA）和3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯乙二醇（MHPG）的遗传结构。在所研究的任何遗传参数中均未发现性别差异。平均品系效应、母体效应和加性性连锁的估计值均不显著。观察到儿茶酚胺和代谢物浓度存在以超显性形式表现的高度显著杂种优势。杂种在NE方面表现出显著的正向品系杂种优势，而在所有杂交组合中，MHPG的杂种优势呈负向。EPI的杂种优势具有品系和脑区特异性，下丘脑表现出最大的杂种优势效应。DOPAC仅在视顶盖中对所有品系表现出显著杂种优势，而DA在任何品系、杂交组合或脑区中均未表现出明显的杂种优势。
