D'Souza Carol, Sadana Ritu
World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Soc Sci Med. 2006 Apr;62(8):2072-8. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.08.022. Epub 2005 Sep 13.
Since health research has become increasingly acknowledged as an important tool for development, many approaches have been undertaken to understand national health research from a systems perspective. This paper reviews 28 case studies that describe or analyse health research systems in 26 low- and middle-income countries. These case studies were sponsored either by the Council on Health Research for Development or the South-East Asia Regional Office of the World Health Organization. In reviewing these case studies, we identify several common challenges facing national health research systems. These challenges include the lack of coordination in research activities; the inadequate participation of stakeholders in research, policy and implementation processes; the lack of demand for research and the low accessibility of research findings. These obstacles are compounded by some fundamental systems constraints, such as the lack of financial resources, human capacities, infrastructure and data. By identifying from these case studies the common challenges of health research systems as well as approaches to overcome these, this paper highlights the potential for case studies to inform policies and strategies for strengthening health research systems, and presents recommendations for future case studies to increase this potential.
由于健康研究日益被视为促进发展的重要工具，人们已采取多种方法从系统角度来理解国家健康研究。本文回顾了28个案例研究，这些研究描述或分析了26个低收入和中等收入国家的健康研究系统。这些案例研究由健康研究促进发展理事会或世界卫生组织东南亚区域办事处赞助。在回顾这些案例研究时，我们确定了国家健康研究系统面临的几个共同挑战。这些挑战包括研究活动缺乏协调；利益相关者在研究、政策和实施过程中的参与不足；对研究的需求不足以及研究结果的可及性较低。一些基本的系统限制因素加剧了这些障碍，如缺乏财政资源、人力能力、基础设施和数据。通过从这些案例研究中识别健康研究系统的共同挑战以及克服这些挑战的方法，本文强调了案例研究为加强健康研究系统的政策和战略提供信息的潜力，并为未来案例研究提出了增加这种潜力的建议。
