Fedorowicz Valérie J, Fombonne Eric
McGill University, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada H32 1P2.
J Psychopharmacol. 2005 Sep;19(5):533-50. doi: 10.1177/0269881105056543.
The objective of this review is to summarize the data about metabolic side effects of atypical antipsychotics in children. Original research articles about side effects of atypical antipsychotics used in children were reviewed. The data was obtained mainly through Medline searches, identifying articles focusing on the use of atypical antipsychotics in children. Forty studies that addressed the issue of metabolic side effects were selected. The use of atypical antipsychotics in children has been consistently associated with weight gain and moderate prolactin elevation, while only a few case reports address the issue of glucose dysregulation and dyslipidaemia. The risk of weight gain and hyperprolactinaemia might be higher in younger children. Other risk factors have also been associated with antipsychotic-induced metabolic disturbances. These changes seem to be reversible, at least in some cases. Metabolic side effects of atypical antipsychotics could lead to serious complications in children who are prescribed these medications. Serious considerations should be given before initiating treatment and consistent clinical monitoring is essential. More research is needed, especially regarding glucose dysregulation and dyslipidaemia.
本综述的目的是总结有关非典型抗精神病药物在儿童中代谢副作用的数据。我们回顾了关于儿童使用非典型抗精神病药物副作用的原创研究文章。数据主要通过医学文献数据库检索获得，筛选出关注儿童使用非典型抗精神病药物的文章。选取了40项涉及代谢副作用问题的研究。儿童使用非典型抗精神病药物一直与体重增加和催乳素适度升高有关，而仅有少数病例报告涉及血糖失调和血脂异常问题。年幼儿童体重增加和高催乳素血症的风险可能更高。其他风险因素也与抗精神病药物引起的代谢紊乱有关。这些变化似乎至少在某些情况下是可逆的。非典型抗精神病药物的代谢副作用可能会给服用这些药物的儿童带来严重并发症。在开始治疗前应进行认真考虑，持续的临床监测至关重要。需要更多的研究，尤其是关于血糖失调和血脂异常方面的研究。
