Trackman Philip C
Boston University Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Division of Oral Biology, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA.
J Cell Biochem. 2005 Dec 1;96(5):927-37. doi: 10.1002/jcb.20605.
Collagens are abundant proteins in higher organisms, and are formed by a complex biosynthetic pathway involving intracellular and extracellular post-translational modifications. Starting from simple soluble precursors, this interesting pathway produces insoluble functional fibrillar and non-fibrillar elements of the extracellular matrix. The present review highlights recent progress and new insights into biological regulation of extracellular procollagen processing, and some novel functions of byproducts of these extracellular enzymatic transformations. These findings underscore the notion that released propeptides and other proteolytic products of extracellular matrix proteins have important biological functions, and that structural proteins are multifunctional. An emerging concept is that a dynamic interplay exists between extracellular products and byproducts with cells that helps to maintain normal cellular phenotypes and tissue integrity.
胶原蛋白是高等生物中含量丰富的蛋白质，由一个复杂的生物合成途径形成，该途径涉及细胞内和细胞外的翻译后修饰。从简单的可溶性前体开始，这个有趣的途径产生细胞外基质中不溶性的功能性纤维状和非纤维状成分。本综述重点介绍了细胞外原胶原蛋白加工的生物学调控方面的最新进展和新见解，以及这些细胞外酶促转化副产物的一些新功能。这些发现强调了这样一种观念，即细胞外基质蛋白释放的前肽和其他蛋白水解产物具有重要的生物学功能，并且结构蛋白具有多种功能。一个新兴的概念是，细胞外产物和副产物与细胞之间存在动态相互作用，这有助于维持正常的细胞表型和组织完整性。
