Grätzel Michael
Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne.
Inorg Chem. 2005 Oct 3;44(20):6841-51. doi: 10.1021/ic0508371.
The quality of human life depends to a large degree on the availability of energy. This is threatened unless renewable energy resources can be developed in the near future. Chemistry is expected to make important contributions to identify environmentally friendly solutions of the energy problem. One attractive strategy discussed in this Forum Article is the development of solar cells that are based on the sensitization of mesoscopic oxide films by dyes or quantum dots. These systems have already reached conversion efficiencies exceeding 11%. The underlying fundamental processes of light harvesting by the sensitizer, heterogeneous electron transfer from the electronically excited chromophore into the conduction band of the semiconductor oxide, and percolative migration of the injected electrons through the mesoporous film to the collector electrode will be described below in detail. A number of research topics will also be discussed, and the examples for the first outdoor application of such solar cells will be provided.
人类生活质量在很大程度上取决于能源的可获取性。除非在不久的将来能够开发出可再生能源，否则这将受到威胁。预计化学将为确定能源问题的环保解决方案做出重要贡献。本论坛文章中讨论的一个有吸引力的策略是开发基于染料或量子点对介观氧化物薄膜进行敏化的太阳能电池。这些系统已经达到了超过11%的转换效率。下面将详细描述敏化剂捕获光的基本过程、电子从受激发色团到半导体氧化物导带的异质电子转移以及注入电子通过介孔膜向集电极的渗流迁移。还将讨论一些研究课题，并提供此类太阳能电池首次户外应用的实例。
