Pearce Neil, McLean Dave
Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University Wellington Campus, Wellington, New Zealand.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 2005;31 Suppl 1:18-25; discussion 5-7.
Farmers have an increased risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), several studies have found increased risks of NHL among producers or sprayers of pesticides. The findings are markedly inconsistent across countries and studies, but overall there is evidence of an increased risk among production workers and professional pesticide sprayers with heavy exposures. However, this increased risk does not appear to be confined to workers exposed to phenoxy herbicides containing 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, and it may be due to phenoxy herbicide exposure itself rather than to the dioxin contaminants. Other pesticide exposures, including organochlorine and organophosphorous insecticides, have also been associated with NHL in some studies, as have nitrates in drinking water. Farmers may also have exposure to oncogenic viruses carried by farm animals, and studies of slaughterhouse workers and meat inspectors have found increased risks of NHL.
多项研究发现，农民患非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）的风险增加，农药生产商或喷洒人员患NHL的风险也有所增加。各国和各项研究的结果明显不一致，但总体而言，有证据表明，大量接触农药的生产工人和专业农药喷洒人员患病风险增加。然而，这种风险增加似乎并不局限于接触含2,3,7,8 - 四氯二苯并 - 对 - 二恶英的苯氧基除草剂的工人，可能是由于接触苯氧基除草剂本身，而非二恶英污染物。在一些研究中，其他农药接触，包括有机氯和有机磷杀虫剂，以及饮用水中的硝酸盐，也与NHL有关。农民还可能接触农场动物携带的致癌病毒，对屠宰场工人和肉类检验员的研究发现他们患NHL的风险增加。
