Fazekas B, Tar A, Kovács M
Central Veterinary Institute, Institute of Debrecen, Bornemissza u. 3-5, H-4031 Debrecen, Hungary.
Food Addit Contam. 2005 Sep;22(9):856-63. doi: 10.1080/02652030500198027.
In October and November 2004, 91 spice samples (70 ground red pepper, six black pepper, five white pepper, five spice mix and five chilli samples), the majority of which originated from commercial outlets, were analysed for aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2) and ochratoxin A (OTA) content by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after immunoaffinity column clean-up. Eighteen of the 70 ground red pepper samples contained AFB1, seven of them in a concentration exceeding the 'maximum level' of 5 microg kg(-1) (range 6.1-15.7 microg kg(-1)). Of the other spices assayed, the AFB1 contamination of one chilli sample exceeded 5 microg kg(-1) (8.1 microg kg(-1)). Thirty-two of the 70 ground red pepper samples contained OTA, eight of them in a concentration exceeding the 10 microg kg(-1) 'maximum level' (range 10.6-66.2 microg kg(-1)). One chilli sample was contaminated with OTA at 2.1 microg kg(-1). The AFB1 and OTA contamination of ground red pepper exceeding the 'maximum level' (5 and 10 microg kg(-1), respectively) was obviously the consequence of mixing imported ground red pepper batches heavily contaminated with AFB1 and OTA with red pepper produced in Hungary. This case calls attention to the importance of consistently screening imported batches of ground red pepper for aflatoxin and ochratoxin A content and strictly prohibiting the use of batches containing mycotoxin concentrations exceeding the maximum permitted level.
2004年10月和11月，对91份香料样品（70份磨碎的红辣椒、6份黑胡椒、5份白胡椒、5份混合香料和5份辣椒样品）进行了分析，其中大部分样品来自商业渠道。采用免疫亲和柱净化后，通过高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定了黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1和G2（AFB1、AFB2、AFG1、AFG2）以及赭曲霉毒素A（OTA）的含量。70份磨碎的红辣椒样品中有18份含有AFB1，其中7份的浓度超过了5微克/千克的“最高限量”（范围为6.1 - 15.7微克/千克）。在检测的其他香料中，1份辣椒样品的AFB1污染超过了5微克/千克（8.1微克/千克）。70份磨碎的红辣椒样品中有32份含有OTA，其中8份的浓度超过了10微克/千克的“最高限量”（范围为10.6 - 66.2微克/千克）。1份辣椒样品被OTA污染，含量为2.1微克/千克。磨碎的红辣椒中AFB1和OTA污染超过“最高限量”（分别为5和10微克/千克）显然是由于将大量被AFB1和OTA严重污染的进口磨碎红辣椒批次与匈牙利生产的红辣椒混合所致。该案例提醒人们持续筛查进口磨碎红辣椒批次中黄曲霉毒素和赭曲霉毒素A含量以及严格禁止使用霉菌毒素浓度超过最大允许水平批次的重要性。
