Aryan Henry E, Jandial Rahul, Farin Azadeh, Chen Joseph C, Granville Robert, Levy Michael L
Division of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
Childs Nerv Syst. 2006 Mar;22(3):243-7; discussion 248. doi: 10.1007/s00381-005-1182-9. Epub 2005 Sep 29.
The congenital dermal sinus (CDS) is a benign tumor-like entity that has unique anatomical and clinical features. We retrospectively examined our data to determine factors associated with adverse outcomes for cranial-based dermal sinuses.
We retrospectively examined our data obtained from patients presenting between 1975 and 2002. Sixty-seven patients with a CDS were found. Of these, 20 cases of a cranial CDS were identified, 15 of which had evidence of an intradural component.
Surgical treatment of congenital dermal sinuses was accompanied with, in general, excellent results. Poor outcomes were most strongly associated with delays in diagnosis. The most common complications were infection at the surgical site (five patients) and hydrocephalus necessitating ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement (two patients). Permanent neurological deficits were rare.
Cranial CDSs are unusual lesions found in children. A majority of these lesions may penetrate the dura and lead to significant complications if not promptly identified and treated in an appropriate and timely fashion.
先天性皮样窦（CDS）是一种具有独特解剖和临床特征的良性肿瘤样病变。我们回顾性分析了我们的数据，以确定与颅底皮样窦不良预后相关的因素。
我们回顾性分析了1975年至2002年间就诊患者的数据。共发现67例先天性皮样窦患者。其中，确诊20例颅部先天性皮样窦，其中15例有硬脑膜内成分的证据。
先天性皮样窦的手术治疗总体效果良好。预后不良与诊断延迟密切相关。最常见的并发症是手术部位感染（5例患者）和需要行脑室腹腔分流术的脑积水（2例患者）。永久性神经功能缺损很少见。
颅部先天性皮样窦是儿童中发现的罕见病变。如果这些病变不能及时得到适当的识别和治疗，大多数可能穿透硬脑膜并导致严重并发症。
