Zhong Li-Xin, Zheng Da-Fang, Zheng Bo, Hui P M
Zhejiang Institute of Modern Physics and Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China.
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2005 Aug;72(2 Pt 2):026134. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.72.026134. Epub 2005 Aug 29.
We study the effects of the presence of contrarians in an agent-based model of competing populations. Contrarians are common in societies. These contrarians are agents who deliberately prefer to hold an opinion that is contrary to the prevailing idea of the commons or normal agents. Contrarians are introduced within the context of the minority game (MG), which is a binary model for an evolving and adaptive population of agents competing for a limited resource. The average success rate among the agents is found to have a nonmonotonic dependence on the fraction a(c) of contrarians. For small a(c), the contrarians systematically outperform the normal agents by avoiding the crowd effect and enhance the overall success rate. For high a(c), the anti-persistent nature of the MG is disturbed and the few normal agents outperform the contrarians. Qualitative discussion and analytic results for the small a(c) and high a(c) regimes are presented, and the crossover behavior between the two regimes is discussed.
我们在一个基于主体的竞争群体模型中研究了逆势者存在所产生的影响。逆势者在社会中很常见。这些逆势者是故意倾向于持有与大众或普通主体的主流观点相反意见的主体。逆势者是在少数者博弈（MG）的背景下引入的，少数者博弈是一个关于不断演化和适应的主体群体竞争有限资源的二元模型。研究发现，主体之间的平均成功率对逆势者的比例a(c)具有非单调依赖性。对于较小的a(c)，逆势者通过避免群体效应系统性地优于普通主体，并提高了整体成功率。对于较高的a(c)，少数者博弈的反持续性被扰乱，少数普通主体优于逆势者。给出了关于小a(c)和高a(c) regime的定性讨论和分析结果，并讨论了两种 regime之间的交叉行为。
