Monnai T
Department of Applied Physics, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan.
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2005 Aug;72(2 Pt 2):027102. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.72.027102. Epub 2005 Aug 9.
There are two related theorems which hold even in far from equilibrium, namely fluctuation theorem and Jarzynski equality. Fluctuation theorem states the existence of symmetry of fluctuation of entropy production, while the Jarzynski equality enables us to estimate the free energy change between two states by using irreversible processes. On the other hand, the relationship between these theorems was investigated by Crooks [Phys. Rev. E 60, 2721 (1999)] for the classical stochastic systems. In this paper, we derive quantum analogues of fluctuation theorem and Jarzynski equality in terms of microscopic reversibility. In other words, the quantum analog of the work by Crooks is presented. Also, for the quasiclassical Langevin system, microscopically reversible condition is confirmed.
有两个相关定理即使在远离平衡态时也成立，即涨落定理和雅津斯基等式。涨落定理阐述了熵产生涨落的对称性的存在，而雅津斯基等式使我们能够通过不可逆过程来估计两个状态之间的自由能变化。另一方面，对于经典随机系统，克鲁克斯[《物理评论E》60, 2721 (1999)]研究了这些定理之间的关系。在本文中，我们根据微观可逆性推导出涨落定理和雅津斯基等式的量子类似物。换句话说，给出了克鲁克斯工作的量子类似物。此外，对于准经典朗之万系统，证实了微观可逆条件。
