Verburg J A, Toet J, van Ameijden E J C
GG&GD Utrecht, afd. Bestuur en Bedrijf, Bureau Epidemiologie en Informatie, Postbus 2423, 3500 GK Utrecht.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2005 Sep 17;149(38):2113-8.
To investigate trends in socio-economic inequalities in smoking, alcohol and drug use in the community of Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Repeated cross-sectional population surveys.
Questionnaires were used to collect information about smoking, (problematic) alcohol use and the use of cannabis, ecstasy and other drugs in the general population aged 15-64 years in Utrecht, the Netherlands. Data were collected in 1999 on 2485 responders (response: 56%) and in 2003 on 1840 responders (54%). The male-female ratio was 4:6.
The percentage of smokers was 43 in 1999 and 34 in 2003. Excessive use of alcohol was reported by 21% in both 1999 and 2003, cannabis use was reported in 13% and 14%, respectively, and use of hard drugs was reported in 1-3% in both 1999 and 2003. Native Dutch people, men, unmarried people and people with a low education or income level were at increased risk for drinking, smoking and using drugs. People with a low socio-economic status were just as likely to smoke in 1999 as in 2003, while the use of alcohol, cannabis and ecstasy increased. Those with a higher socio-economic status were much less likely to smoke in 2003 than in 1999, while fewer used cannabis and ecstasy use remained the same.
Socio-economic inequalities in substance abuse were greater in 2003 than in 1999 in the studied population in Utrecht. People with a low socio-economic status showed an increase in unhealthy behaviour concerning the use of alcohol, cannabis and ecstasy.
调查荷兰乌得勒支社区吸烟、饮酒和吸毒方面的社会经济不平等趋势。
重复横断面人群调查。
采用问卷收集荷兰乌得勒支15 - 64岁普通人群中吸烟、（问题性）饮酒以及大麻、摇头丸和其他毒品使用情况的信息。1999年收集了2485名应答者的数据（应答率：56%），2003年收集了1840名应答者的数据（54%）。男女比例为4:6。
吸烟者比例1999年为43%，2003年为34%。1999年和2003年报告过度饮酒的比例均为21%，报告使用大麻的比例分别为13%和14%，报告使用硬性毒品的比例在1999年和2003年均为1 - 3%。荷兰本地人、男性、未婚者以及教育程度或收入水平低的人饮酒、吸烟和吸毒的风险增加。社会经济地位低的人在1999年和2003年吸烟可能性相同，而饮酒、使用大麻和摇头丸的情况增加。社会经济地位较高的人在2003年吸烟的可能性比1999年低得多，使用大麻的人减少，而摇头丸的使用情况保持不变。
在乌得勒支研究人群中，2003年物质滥用方面的社会经济不平等比1999年更大。社会经济地位低的人在饮酒、使用大麻和摇头丸方面的不健康行为有所增加。
