Iseki Kunitoshi, Nakai Shigeru, Shinzato Takahiro, Nagura Yuji, Akiba Takashi
University Hospital of The Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan.
Ther Apher Dial. 2005 Oct;9(5):407-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-9987.2005.00318.x.
The incidence of chronic kidney disease and its progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) differs between genders, so it can be surmised that the incidence of ESRD is different between men and women. We analyzed the annual incidence of ESRD by gender for a 20 year period, from 1983 to 2002, using Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy (JSDT) registration data. The annual incidence of ESRD was calculated as the number of incident dialysis patients divided by the census population of the previous year in each gender, and expressed per million of each population (male and female). In men, the incidence of ESRD increased from 99.9 in 1983 to 330.2 in 2002, whereas it was 66.6 in 1983 and 184.9 in 2002 in women. The difference of incidence of ESRD from men to women increased from 33.3 in 1983 to 145.3 in 2002. The mean age at the start of dialysis was 51.5 years (men) and 52.5 years (women) in 1983, it increased to 63.8 years (men) and 66.1 years (women) in 2002. The difference in mean age increased from 0.9 years in 1983 to 2.3 years in 2002. There was no clear relationship between the available dialysis station per 100,000 population and the men to women ratio in the prevalent dialysis patients among the 47 prefectures. The acceptance of dialysis therapy might not be strong enough to explain the increasing difference in ESRD incidence between men and women in Japan. Differences in the socioeconomic conditions and lifestyles between men and women, which might be related to the gender difference in incidence in ESRD, should be studied further.
慢性肾脏病的发病率及其进展至终末期肾病（ESRD）在性别之间存在差异，因此可以推测ESRD的发病率在男性和女性之间有所不同。我们利用日本透析治疗学会（JSDT）的登记数据，分析了1983年至2002年这20年间按性别划分的ESRD年发病率。ESRD的年发病率计算为各性别中新增透析患者数量除以前一年的人口普查人口数，并以每百万人口（男性和女性）表示。在男性中，ESRD的发病率从1983年的99.9上升至2002年的330.2，而女性在1983年为66.6，2002年为184.9。男性与女性之间ESRD发病率的差异从1983年的33.3增加到2002年的145.3。1983年开始透析的平均年龄男性为51.5岁，女性为52.5岁，到2002年分别增至63.8岁（男性）和66.1岁（女性）。平均年龄的差异从1983年的0.9岁增加到2002年的2.3岁。在47个都道府县中，每10万人口中可用透析站数量与透析患者中男性与女性的比例之间没有明确的关系。透析治疗的接受度可能不足以解释日本男性和女性之间ESRD发病率日益增大的差异。应进一步研究男性和女性在社会经济状况和生活方式方面的差异，这些差异可能与ESRD发病率的性别差异有关。
