Reed Mary M, Westfall John M, Bublitz Caroline, Battaglia Catherine, Fickenscher Alexandra
Department of Neurology, University of Colorado and Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO, USA.
BMC Public Health. 2005 Oct 4;5:100. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-5-100.
The birth outcomes of undocumented women have not been systematically studied on a large scale. The growing number of undocumented women giving birth in the United States has important implications for clinical care and public health policy. The objective of this study was to describe birth outcomes of undocumented immigrants in Colorado.
Retrospective descriptive study of singleton births to 5961 undocumented women using birth certificate data for 1998-1999.
Undocumented mothers were younger, less educated, and more likely to be single. They had higher rates of anemia, were less likely to gain enough weight, and less likely to receive early prenatal care. They were much less likely to use alcohol or tobacco. Undocumented women had a lower rate of low birth weight (5.3% v 6.5%, P < .001) or preterm infants (12.9% v 14.5%; p = .001). Undocumented women experienced higher rates of labor complications including excessive bleeding (2.3% v 0.8%, p < .001) and fetal distress (8.7% v 3.6%, p < .001).
Undocumented women have lower rates of preterm delivery and low birth weight infants, but higher rates of pregnancy related risk factors. Higher prevalence of some risk factors which are amenable to medical intervention reveals the need for improved prenatal care in this group.
未登记在册女性的分娩结局尚未得到大规模系统研究。在美国分娩的未登记在册女性数量不断增加，这对临床护理和公共卫生政策具有重要影响。本研究的目的是描述科罗拉多州未登记在册移民的分娩结局。
利用1998 - 1999年的出生证明数据，对5961名未登记在册女性的单胎分娩进行回顾性描述性研究。
未登记在册的母亲年龄更小，受教育程度更低，且更可能单身。她们贫血发生率更高，体重增加不足的可能性更大，接受早期产前护理的可能性更小。她们使用酒精或烟草的可能性要小得多。未登记在册女性的低出生体重儿发生率较低（5.3%对6.5%，P <.001）或早产发生率较低（12.9%对14.5%；P =.001）。未登记在册女性分娩并发症发生率更高，包括大出血（2.3%对0.8%，P <.001）和胎儿窘迫（8.7%对3.6%，P <.001）。
未登记在册女性的早产和低出生体重儿发生率较低，但与妊娠相关的危险因素发生率较高。一些适合医学干预的危险因素患病率较高，表明该群体需要改善产前护理。
