Single E
Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse, Toronto, Canada.
Drug Alcohol Rev. 1995;14(3):287-90. doi: 10.1080/09595239500185371.
Harm reduction attempts to reduce the adverse consequences of drug use among persons who continue to use drugs. It developed in response to the excesses of a "zero tolerance approach". Harm reduction emphasizes practical rather than idealized goals. It has been expanded from illicit drugs to legal drugs and is grounded in the evolving public health and advocacy movements. Harm reduction has proved to be effective and it has gained increasing official acceptance; for example, it is now the basis of Canada's Drug Strategy. However, the concept is still poorly defined, as virtually any drug policy or programme, even abstinence-oriented programmes, attempt to reduce drug-related harm. The principle feature of harm reduction is the acceptance of the fact that some drug users cannot be expected to cease their drug use at the present time. Harm reduction is neutral about the long term goals of intervention while according a high priority to short-term realizable goals. Harm reduction should be neutral about legalization. The essence of the concept is to ameliorate adverse consequences of drug use while, at least in the short term, drug use continues.
减少伤害旨在降低那些继续吸毒的人吸毒所带来的不良后果。它是针对“零容忍方法”的过度做法而发展起来的。减少伤害强调实际目标而非理想化目标。它已从非法药物扩展到合法药物，并以不断发展的公共卫生和倡导运动为基础。减少伤害已被证明是有效的，并且越来越得到官方认可；例如，它现在是加拿大毒品战略的基础。然而，这一概念仍然定义模糊，因为几乎任何毒品政策或方案，甚至以禁欲为导向的方案，都试图减少与毒品相关的伤害。减少伤害的主要特征是接受这样一个事实，即目前不能期望一些吸毒者停止吸毒。减少伤害对干预的长期目标持中立态度，同时高度重视短期可实现的目标。减少伤害对合法化应持中立态度。这一概念的本质是在吸毒至少在短期内继续存在的情况下，改善吸毒的不良后果。
