Narváez-Camargo Marta, Lozano-Rojas Oscar, Mancheño-Velasco Cinta, Verdejo-García Antonio
Department of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain.
Research Centre of Natural Resources, Health and the Environment, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain.
Int J Methods Psychiatr Res. 2025 Jun;34(2):e70027. doi: 10.1002/mpr.70027.
The heterogeneous metrics and criteria used to assess the effectiveness of substance use disorders treatment hinders cross-study comparisons. This review aims to parse such heterogeneity by analysing the operational definitions of variables used to derive metrics and outcome criteria, contributing to the standardisation process.
We conducted a systematic review in PubMed and PsycINFO between January 2000 and October 2023. We included published studies on substance use disorders that featured at least one of seven 'a priori' defined variables commonly used to obtain metrics and criteria for treatment effectiveness. The review process and reporting followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.
Were identified three areas that can be used to define metrics and criteria associated with treatment outcome: as 'substance use' (abstinence and relapses), 'treatment process' (readmission, dropout, retention, and adherence) and 'general wellbeing' (quality of life). Operational definitions and metrics and criteria used were overall inconsistent.
The establishment of guidelines for evaluation of treatment outcomes is imperative, as heterogeneity is still present in the literature. We recommend that future trials provide outcomes metrics relevant to the identified categories, and that standardisation efforts continue toward harmonised criteria to report and interpret those metrics.
用于评估物质使用障碍治疗效果的异质性指标和标准阻碍了跨研究比较。本综述旨在通过分析用于得出指标和结果标准的变量的操作定义来剖析这种异质性，为标准化进程做出贡献。
我们于2000年1月至2023年10月在PubMed和PsycINFO上进行了系统综述。我们纳入了关于物质使用障碍的已发表研究，这些研究至少包含七个“先验”定义变量中的一个，这些变量通常用于获取治疗效果的指标和标准。综述过程和报告遵循系统综述和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南。
确定了三个可用于定义与治疗结果相关的指标和标准的领域：“物质使用”（戒断和复发）、“治疗过程”（再次入院、辍学、留存率和依从性）以及“总体幸福感”（生活质量）。所使用的操作定义、指标和标准总体上不一致。
由于文献中仍然存在异质性，因此制定治疗结果评估指南势在必行。我们建议未来的试验提供与已确定类别相关的结果指标，并且标准化工作应继续朝着统一标准的方向努力，以报告和解释这些指标。
