Reid W Michael, Ruzycki Sandra, Haney Michael L, Brown Lisa M, Baggerly Jennifer, Mescia Nadine, Hyer Kathryn
Florida Center for Public Health Preparedness, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, 13201 Bruce B. Downs Boulevard, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
J Public Health Manag Pract. 2005 Nov;Suppl:S57-62. doi: 10.1097/00124784-200511001-00010.
The need for mental health interventions in disasters has long been recognized. The Florida Center for Public Health Preparedness (FCPHP) has been providing disaster mental health training to employees of the Florida Department of Health and others since 2001. One of the training programs was Bioterrorism Trauma Intervention Specialist Training (BTIST), offered between May 2003 and January 2004. The FCPHP has also developed three distance learning courses, including one that provides advice to responders who are experiencing compassion fatigue. The BTIST curriculum prepares participants to provide mental health interventions during and following disasters. The four hurricanes that struck Florida in a 7-week period in 2004 created a great demand for mental health services. The FCPHP supported the Florida Department of Health response effort by providing a roster of BTIST trainees and hundreds of copies of the compassion fatigue audio CD. The FCPHP conducted a Web-based survey of the BTIST participants after the hurricanes. A large majority of respondents reported that the training had given them greater knowledge of disaster mental health, provided many disaster mental health skills, and the skills had been valuable in their professional and personal lives. Most of those who had actively responded to the hurricanes indicated that the training had given them confidence for their response and that they had used the acquired skills in their response efforts.
灾难中对心理健康干预措施的需求早已得到认可。自2001年以来，佛罗里达公共卫生防备中心（FCPHP）一直在为佛罗里达州卫生部的员工及其他人员提供灾难心理健康培训。其中一个培训项目是生物恐怖主义创伤干预专家培训（BTIST），于2003年5月至2004年1月期间开展。FCPHP还开发了三门远程学习课程，其中一门为正在经历同情疲劳的救援人员提供建议。BTIST课程让参与者做好在灾难期间及灾后提供心理健康干预的准备。2004年，在7周时间内袭击佛罗里达州的四场飓风引发了对心理健康服务的巨大需求。FCPHP通过提供一份BTIST学员名单和数百份同情疲劳音频CD，支持了佛罗里达州卫生部的应对工作。飓风过后，FCPHP对BTIST参与者进行了一项基于网络的调查。绝大多数受访者表示，培训让他们对灾难心理健康有了更多了解，提供了许多灾难心理健康技能，而且这些技能在他们的职业和个人生活中都很有价值。大多数积极应对飓风的人表示，培训让他们对自己的应对工作有了信心，并且他们在应对工作中运用了所学技能。
