Nephrocalcinosis in the rat: a literature review.

Nephrocalcinosis is a common disorder in female rats. Various etiological factors are involved in the pathogenesis, e.g. sex, age, genetical and dietary factors. Dietary phosphorus concentration appears to be of crucial importance in the induction of nephrocalcinosis. The pathological changes in calcinotic kidney tissue are described. Possible mechanisms underlying nephrocalcinogenesis are discussed. Phosphorus concentration within the proximal tubule may be the major determinant of nephrocalcinogenesis.