Dawson M E, Nuechterlein K H, Schell A M
Dept. of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089-1061.
Schizophr Bull. 1992;18(2):295-311. doi: 10.1093/schbul/18.2.295.
Electrodermal activity was measured in recent-onset schizophrenic patients (n = 98) and matched normal control subjects (n = 40) as part of an ongoing longitudinal study. Results at the initial inpatient test were generally consistent with the current consensus in the literature. A large subgroup of the patients was found to be nonresponsive with the phasic skin conductance orienting response measure, whereas the remaining subgroup of patients was found to be electrodermally tonically hyperaroused. Heightened electrodermal activity at the inpatient test was associated with a number of symptoms in male patients and with poor recovery from the acute schizophrenic episode. Followup tests conducted when the patients were in states of remission and psychotic relapse revealed that tonic electrodermal arousal measures qualify as state-sensitive episode indicators, whereas phasic nonresponding may qualify as an atypical vulnerability indicator. Moreover, preliminary data from three patients suggest that increases in tonic electrodermal arousal may temporally precede psychotic relapses. The principal findings are consistent with a vulnerability/stress model that posits that electrodermal hyperarousal is part of a transient intermediate state that may lead to a psychotic episode in a vulnerable individual.
作为一项正在进行的纵向研究的一部分，对近期发病的精神分裂症患者（n = 98）和匹配的正常对照受试者（n = 40）进行了皮肤电活动测量。首次住院测试的结果总体上与文献中的当前共识一致。发现很大一部分患者对阶段性皮肤电导定向反应测量无反应，而其余患者亚组则被发现皮肤电紧张性过度唤醒。住院测试时皮肤电活动增强与男性患者的多种症状以及急性精神分裂症发作后的恢复不良有关。在患者处于缓解期和精神病复发状态时进行的随访测试表明，紧张性皮肤电唤醒测量可作为状态敏感的发作指标，而阶段性无反应可能可作为非典型易感性指标。此外，来自三名患者的初步数据表明，紧张性皮肤电唤醒的增加可能在精神病复发之前出现。主要发现与易感性/应激模型一致，该模型假定皮肤电过度唤醒是一种短暂中间状态的一部分，这种状态可能导致易感个体出现精神病发作。
