Harchelroad F
Division of Emergency Medicine, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15212.
Vet Hum Toxicol. 1992 Feb;34(1):13-4.
We hypothesized that sources of activated charcoal (AC) used as a form of gut decontamination in the treatment of drug overdose may deliver significantly less charcoal than expected because of retained charcoal and sorbitol (ACS) from the treatment of 50 consecutive overdose patients were collected. Health care personnel delivering the dose were unaware of the study hypothesis. A total of 82 containers were obtained in this manner. Each container was labelled to contain 25 g AC and 48 g sorbitol. Five unused containers of ACS were obtained as controls. Each container was thoroughly cleaned, and the contents vacuum filtered and washed with 1 L of tap water. The tared filter paper and charcoal was dried for 24 h and weighed. The average amount of charcoal retained in each used container (retained) was 0.549 g (range 0.318-1.637 g). This accounts for 2.2% of the 25 g dose expected to be delivered. The average amount of charcoal found in each unused container (actual) was 25.892 g. The delivered dose (actual minus retained) may be calculated as 101.4% of the expected 25 g dose. When using this formulation of ACS there is no significant difference between the amount of charcoal given to an overdose patient and the amount ordered for gut decontamination. Despite the poor suspension of charcoal in sorbitol and the less than ideal conditions under which it is given, the patient receives an adequate dosage of AC if it is ordered.
我们假设，在药物过量治疗中用作肠道净化形式的活性炭（AC）来源所提供的活性炭可能比预期少得多，因为从连续治疗的50名过量患者中收集了残留的活性炭和山梨醇（ACS）。给药的医护人员不知道该研究假设。通过这种方式共获得82个容器。每个容器标明含有25克活性炭和48克山梨醇。获得5个未使用的ACS容器作为对照。每个容器彻底清洗，内容物真空过滤并用1升自来水洗涤。将去皮的滤纸和活性炭干燥24小时并称重。每个使用过的容器中残留的活性炭平均量（残留量）为0.549克（范围为0.318 - 1.637克）。这占预期给药的25克剂量的2.2％。每个未使用容器中发现的活性炭平均量（实际量）为25.892克。给药剂量（实际量减去残留量）可计算为预期25克剂量的101.4％。当使用这种ACS制剂时，给予过量患者的活性炭量与肠道净化所需的量之间没有显著差异。尽管活性炭在山梨醇中的悬浮性差且给药条件不理想，但如果按医嘱给药，患者仍能获得足够剂量的活性炭。
