Germeys Filip, d'Ydewalle Géry
Department of Psychology, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
Psychol Res. 2007 Jul;71(4):458-66. doi: 10.1007/s00426-005-0025-3. Epub 2005 Oct 8.
First-order editing violations in film refer either to small displacements of the camera position or to small changes of the image size. Second-order editing violations follow from a reversal of the camera position (reversed-angle shot), leading to a change of the left-right position of the main actors (or objects) and a complete change of the background. With third-order editing violations, the linear sequence of actions in the narrative story is not obeyed. The present experiment focuses on the eye movements following a new shot with or without a reversed-angle camera position. The findings minimize the importance of editing rules which require perceptually smooth transitions between shots; there is also no evidence that changes in the left-right orientation of objects in the scene disturb the visual processing of successive shots. The observed eye movements are due either to the redirecting of attention to the most informative part on the scene or to attention shifts by motion transients in the shot. There is almost no evidence for confusion and/or for activities to restore the spatial arrangement following the reversal of the left-right positions.
电影中的一阶剪辑违规是指摄像机位置的微小移动或图像大小的微小变化。二阶剪辑违规是由摄像机位置的反转（反角度拍摄）导致的，这会使主要演员（或物体）的左右位置发生变化，并使背景完全改变。三阶剪辑违规则是指叙事故事中动作的线性顺序未被遵循。本实验聚焦于在有或没有反角度摄像机位置的新镜头之后的眼动情况。研究结果降低了那些要求镜头之间有感知上平滑过渡的剪辑规则的重要性；也没有证据表明场景中物体左右方向的变化会干扰连续镜头的视觉处理。观察到的眼动要么是由于注意力重新指向场景中信息最多的部分，要么是由于镜头中的运动瞬变引起的注意力转移。几乎没有证据表明存在混淆和/或在左右位置反转后恢复空间布局的活动。
