Bigot-Chantepie S, Michaud L, Devos P, Depoortère M H, Dubos J P, Gottrand F, Turck D
Unité de gastroentérologie, hépatologie et nutrition, clinique de pédiatrie, hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, avenue Eugene-Avinee, 59037 Lille, France.
Arch Pediatr. 2005 Nov;12(11):1570-6. doi: 10.1016/j.arcped.2005.07.020. Epub 2005 Oct 10.
The aims of this work were to assess timing of complementary feeding in infants and to precise the underlying factors that may cause inappropriate complementary feeding.
A cohort of 167 newborns, born in the same maternity ward during a 6 week-period, was prospectively analyzed. Only healthy neonates were included in the study. A phone questionnaire was filled at 4 and 6 months of age to evaluate modality of complementary feeding. Multivariate analysis (segmentation tree, analyse by multiple correspondence) was used to study factors associated with inappropriate diversification.
Out of the 167 neonates included in the study, 132 mothers could be contacted at 4 months and 116 at 6 months of age. Sixty-seven per cent of mothers started breast feeding at birth. Among these, 33% still breastfed -at least partially- at 4 months and 17% at 6 months. Fifty-two percent of mothers started complementary feeding before 4 months, and 24% of infants received gluten at 4 months of age. Multi-gravida mothers, mothers aged more than 35 years old and mothers who gave infant or follow-up formulae before 4 months, started complementary feeding significantly earlier (P<0.05). Infants who were formula fed received more frequently complementary feeding before the age of 4 months than breast fed infants (57% vs 33%, P<0.05).
Our study showed that half of infants were introduced solid food too early and allowed to identify a population at risk that could benefit from nutritional intervention programs.
本研究旨在评估婴儿添加辅食的时间，并明确可能导致不适当辅食添加的潜在因素。
对在同一产科病房6周内出生的167名新生儿进行前瞻性分析。研究仅纳入健康新生儿。在婴儿4个月和6个月时通过电话问卷评估辅食添加方式。采用多变量分析（分割树、多重对应分析）研究与不适当多样化相关的因素。
在纳入研究的167名新生儿中，132名母亲在婴儿4个月时可取得联系，116名母亲在婴儿6个月时可取得联系。67%的母亲在婴儿出生时开始母乳喂养。其中，33%的母亲在婴儿4个月时仍至少部分母乳喂养，17%在6个月时仍至少部分母乳喂养。52%的母亲在4个月前开始添加辅食，24%的婴儿在4个月时摄入了麸质。多胎母亲、年龄超过35岁的母亲以及在4个月前给婴儿喂婴儿配方奶粉或后续配方奶粉的母亲，开始添加辅食的时间显著更早（P<0.05）。人工喂养的婴儿在4个月前比母乳喂养的婴儿更频繁地添加辅食（57%对33%，P<0.05）。
我们的研究表明，一半的婴儿过早添加固体食物，并确定了可能从营养干预项目中受益的高危人群。
