Senarath U, Dibley M J, Agho K E
Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2007 Mar;61(3):387-97. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602536. Epub 2006 Oct 4.
To describe breastfeeding practices and to assess the sociodemographic factors associated with selected breastfeeding indicators.
The 2003 Demographic and Health Survey was a multi-stage cluster sample survey of 4320 households from four different geographic areas in Timor-Leste.
A total of 2162 children aged 0-23 months.
A high proportion (97.6%) of infants had been ever breastfed, but only 46.1% had initiated breastfeeding within the first hour of birth. Seventy-eight percent of children <24 months were currently breastfed, 30.7% of infants <6 months were exclusively breastfed and 12.5% of infants <12 months were bottle-fed. A high proportion of infants of 6-9 months (82.0%) were receiving complementary food in addition to breast milk. Multivariate analysis revealed that exclusive breastfeeding was significantly lower in the rural west region (odds ratio (OR)=3.15) compared to the urban region, and among those from richest households (OR=1.90) compared to poorest. Mothers with primary education were significantly more likely to exclusively breastfeed than mothers with no education (OR=0.62). Increasing age of the infant was associated with significantly less current (OR=1.23) and exclusive (OR=1.35) breastfeeding. Continuation of breastfeeding at the end of the first year was significantly lower in non-working mothers (OR=1.58) compared to working mothers, and among infants born in health-care facilities (OR=2.16) than those born at home.
Breastfeeding practices in Timor-Leste were satisfactory, except the exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months. However, more socioeconomically privileged groups demonstrated a poorer breastfeeding performance than disadvantaged groups. Further breastfeeding promotion programmes are needed across all population groups, and should include health-care providers and maternity institutions.
描述母乳喂养情况，并评估与选定母乳喂养指标相关的社会人口学因素。
2003年人口与健康调查是对东帝汶四个不同地理区域的4320户家庭进行的多阶段整群抽样调查。
共有2162名年龄在0至23个月的儿童。
很大比例（97.6%）的婴儿曾经接受过母乳喂养，但只有46.1%在出生后一小时内开始母乳喂养。78%的24个月以下儿童目前正在接受母乳喂养，30.7%的6个月以下婴儿纯母乳喂养，12.5%的12个月以下婴儿使用奶瓶喂养。很大比例的6至9个月婴儿（82.0%）除母乳外还接受辅食。多变量分析显示，与城市地区相比，农村西部地区纯母乳喂养率显著较低（优势比（OR）=3.15），与最贫困家庭相比，最富有家庭的纯母乳喂养率也显著较低（OR=1.90）。接受过小学教育的母亲比未受过教育的母亲纯母乳喂养的可能性显著更高（OR=0.62）。婴儿年龄越大，目前正在接受母乳喂养（OR=1.23）和纯母乳喂养（OR=1.35）的比例显著越低。与在职母亲相比，非在职母亲在婴儿一岁末继续母乳喂养的比例显著较低（OR=1.58），在医疗机构出生的婴儿比在家中出生的婴儿继续母乳喂养的比例显著较低（OR=2.16）。
东帝汶的母乳喂养情况总体令人满意，但6个月时的纯母乳喂养情况除外。然而，社会经济地位较高的群体母乳喂养表现比弱势群体更差。需要针对所有人群进一步开展母乳喂养促进项目，且应将医疗保健提供者和产科机构纳入其中。
