Ozmen Erol, Ogel Kultegin, Aker Tamer, Sagduyu Afsin, Tamar Defne, Boratav Cumhur
Dept. of Psychiatry, Celal Bayar University Medical School, Manisa, Turkey.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2005 Nov;40(11):869-76. doi: 10.1007/s00127-005-0985-x. Epub 2005 Oct 14.
Although attitudes towards psychiatric illness influence its presentation, detection, recognition, treatment adherence and rehabilitation, the lay public's opinions and beliefs about the treatment of depression have not been investigated sufficiently.
The aim of this study was to determine public opinions and beliefs about the treatment of depression and the influence of perception and causal attributions on attitudes towards treatment of depression in urban areas.
This study was carried out with a representative sample in Istanbul, which is the biggest metropolis in Turkey. Seven hundred and seven subjects completed the public survey form which consisted of 32 items rating attitudes towards depression.
The public believes that psychological and social interventions are more effective than pharmacotherapy, and that the medicines used in treatment of depression are harmful and addictive. There was a general reluctance to consult a physician for depression, and psychiatrists were felt to be more helpful than general practitioners. The public viewed depression as treatable. A high educational level and perceiving depression as a disease is associated with positive beliefs and opinions about the treatment of depression; but the perception of depressive patients as aggressive is associated with negative beliefs and opinions about the treatment of depression.
The beliefs that "psychological and social interventions are more effective than pharmacotherapy" and "antidepressants are harmful and addictive" must specifically be taken into account in clinical practice and in anti-stigma campaigns. Additional studies are needed to understand the public's tendency to conceptualise depression as a psychosocial problem. In clinical practice, depression should be introduced as a bio-psychosocial disease whatever its cause: biological, psychological or social. In addition, the differences between extreme worry and disease, and the lack of aggressiveness of depressive patients, must be emphasised.
尽管对精神疾病的态度会影响其表现、检测、识别、治疗依从性和康复，但公众对抑郁症治疗的看法和信念尚未得到充分研究。
本研究旨在确定公众对抑郁症治疗的看法和信念，以及认知和因果归因对城市地区抑郁症治疗态度的影响。
本研究在土耳其最大的大都市伊斯坦布尔选取了具有代表性的样本进行。707名受试者完成了包含32项关于抑郁症态度评分的公众调查问卷。
公众认为心理和社会干预比药物治疗更有效，且用于治疗抑郁症的药物有害且成瘾。普遍不愿因抑郁症咨询医生，且认为精神科医生比全科医生更有帮助。公众认为抑郁症是可治疗的。高学历以及将抑郁症视为一种疾病与对抑郁症治疗的积极信念和看法相关；但将抑郁症患者视为有攻击性与对抑郁症治疗的消极信念和看法相关。
在临床实践和反污名化运动中，必须特别考虑“心理和社会干预比药物治疗更有效”以及“抗抑郁药有害且成瘾”这些信念。需要进一步研究以了解公众将抑郁症概念化为心理社会问题的倾向。在临床实践中，无论抑郁症的病因是生物学、心理学还是社会因素，都应将其作为一种生物心理社会疾病来介绍。此外，必须强调极端担忧与疾病之间的差异，以及抑郁症患者不存在攻击性。
