Reutter Klaus, Witt Martin
Department of Anatomy, University of Tübingen, Germany.
J Neurocytol. 2004 Dec;33(6):647-56. doi: 10.1007/s11068-005-3333-z. Epub 2005 Oct 11.
In fish, nerve fibers of taste buds are organized within the bud's nerve fiber plexus. It is located between the sensory epithelium consisting of light and dark elongated cells and the basal cells. It comprises the basal parts and processes of light and dark cells that intermingle with nerve fibers, which are the dendritic endings of the taste sensory neurons belonging to the cranial nerves VII, IX or X. Most of the synapses at the plexus are afferent; they have synaptic vesicles on the light (or dark) cells side, which is presynaptic. In contrast, the presumed efferent synapses may be rich in synaptic vesicles on the nerve fibers (presynaptic) side, whereas the cells (postsynaptic) side may contain a subsynaptic cistern; a flat compartment of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. This structure is regarded as a prerequisite of a typical efferent synapse, as occurring in cochlear and vestibular hair cells. In fish taste buds, efferent synapses are rare and were found only in a few species that belong to different taxa. The significance of efferent synapses in fish taste buds is not well understood, because efferent connections between the gustatory nuclei of the medulla with taste buds are not yet proved.
在鱼类中,味蕾的神经纤维在味蕾的神经纤维丛中排列。它位于由浅色和深色细长细胞组成的感觉上皮与基底细胞之间。它由浅色和深色细胞的基部和突起组成,这些细胞与神经纤维相互交织,神经纤维是属于第VII、IX或X对脑神经的味觉感觉神经元的树突末梢。丛中的大多数突触是传入性的;它们在浅色(或深色)细胞一侧有突触小泡,这一侧是突触前的。相比之下,推测的传出突触可能在神经纤维(突触前)一侧富含突触小泡,而细胞(突触后)一侧可能含有一个突触下池;光滑内质网的一个扁平隔室。这种结构被认为是典型传出突触的一个先决条件,就像在耳蜗和前庭毛细胞中出现的那样。在鱼类味蕾中,传出突触很少见,仅在少数属于不同分类群的物种中发现。鱼类味蕾中传出突触的意义尚未得到很好的理解,因为延髓味觉核与味蕾之间的传出连接尚未得到证实。