Towers Greg J
Wohl Virion Centre, Infection and Immunity, University College London, London W1T 4JF, UK.
Hum Gene Ther. 2005 Oct;16(10):1125-32. doi: 10.1089/hum.2005.16.1125.
It is of great interest to understand the molecular details of the pathways that constitute species barriers to viral infection. The tripartite motif protein TRIM5alpha has emerged as an important mediator of species-specific retroviral replication and innate immunity. This review considers the role of TRIM5alpha as an antiviral protein in mammals. The methods used to identify species-specific restriction to retroviral infection, and the identification of TRIM5alpha itself, are outlined. TRIM5alpha mediates an early postentry block to sensitive retroviral infection, usually before viral DNA synthesis. Results from mutational analysis of TRIM5alpha and their contribution to a mechanistic model for TRIM5alpha antiviral activity are discussed. The antiviral role of other TRIM proteins is considered, as is the role of TRIM5alpha cytoplasmic bodies.
了解构成病毒感染物种屏障的途径的分子细节具有重大意义。三联基序蛋白TRIM5α已成为物种特异性逆转录病毒复制和先天免疫的重要介质。本综述探讨了TRIM5α作为哺乳动物抗病毒蛋白的作用。概述了用于鉴定对逆转录病毒感染的物种特异性限制的方法以及TRIM5α本身的鉴定。TRIM5α介导对敏感逆转录病毒感染的早期进入后阻断，通常在病毒DNA合成之前。讨论了TRIM5α的突变分析结果及其对TRIM5α抗病毒活性机制模型的贡献。还考虑了其他TRIM蛋白的抗病毒作用以及TRIM5α细胞质小体的作用。
