Takeuchi Tsuyoshi, Imafuku Michio
Department of Zoology, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Japan.
Zoolog Sci. 2005 Sep;22(9):989-94. doi: 10.2108/zsj.22.989.
Males of Chrysozephyrus smaragdinus were active from late morning to late afternoon, during which they showed territorial behavior, perhaps for mating. The territorial male stayed in a particular area and occasionally flew around it, referred to hereafter as the inspection area. When other male intruded into this area, the territorial male rushed to him. Then, they engaged in a circling flight regarded as a "war of attrition". During this flight, the two males sometimes strayed far away from the territory. After the circling flight, the resident returned to his territory in almost all cases (98%). Despite such intrusions, many residents defended their territory for several successive days. This suggests strongly the "effect of prior residence". We recorded the circling flights with a high-speed video camera, and confirmed that the male that ceased the circling flight first was the loser. This finding gave some validity to consider circling flight as wars of attrition. In a few cases, the territorial male mated with a female that came to the territory. These once mated males held the territory no longer, suggesting that mating experience should restrict the next mating opportunity in this species.
翠绿金灰蝶的雄蝶从上午晚些时候到下午晚些时候较为活跃，在此期间它们表现出领地行为，可能是为了交配。有领地意识的雄蝶会待在特定区域，偶尔在该区域周围飞行，以下简称巡查区域。当其他雄蝶侵入该区域时，有领地意识的雄蝶会冲向它。然后，它们会进行一种被视为“消耗战”的绕圈飞行。在这次飞行中，两只雄蝶有时会远离领地。绕圈飞行结束后，几乎在所有情况下（98%），驻守的雄蝶都会回到自己的领地。尽管有此类入侵情况，但许多驻守者会连续数天保卫自己的领地。这有力地表明了“先占优势效应”。我们用高速摄像机记录了绕圈飞行过程，并证实首先停止绕圈飞行的雄蝶是失败者。这一发现使将绕圈飞行视为消耗战具有了一定的合理性。在少数情况下，有领地意识的雄蝶会与飞到领地的雌蝶交配。这些曾经交配过的雄蝶不再占据领地，这表明交配经历会限制该物种下次的交配机会。
