Fox Glen A, White Paul A, Trudeau Suzanne, Theodorakis Chris, Shutt Laird J, Kennedy Sean W, Fernie Kim J
Canadian Wildlife Service, National Wildlife Research Centre, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0H3.
Ecotoxicology. 2005 Jul;14(5):527-44. doi: 10.1007/s10646-005-0002-9. Epub 2005 Oct 12.
We collected tissues from herring gulls (Larus argentatus) nesting within and outside of the Great Lakes basin. Genotoxin exposure was assessed as fluorescent aromatic compounds (FACs) in bile and SOS Chromotest-inducing activity in muscle extracts. We determined whether these exposures were associated with decreased erythrocyte DNA strand length and/or induction of hepatic ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity. FACs were detected in all bile samples. Most muscle extracts produced a positive or marginal SOS response in the presence of S9. SOS induction potentials were strongly associated with dietary trophic level. The median molecular length of DNA isolated from erythrocytes for 14 of 17 adult and 10 of 11 prefledgling collections was reduced compared to the modal class for their respective age group suggesting widespread DNA damage. DNA damage was greatest in gulls from Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron. Median EROD activity in both adults and prefledglings from remote locations was significantly lower than that of gulls from the lower Great Lakes and was not associated with concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P)-like FACs. Our results indicate Great Lakes herring gulls were exposed to genotoxins and Ah-receptor activating agents in biologically significant concentrations in the early 1990s. These agents appear to be persistent bioaccumulative compounds and/or their metabolites.
我们从五大湖流域内外筑巢的银鸥（Larus argentatus）身上采集了组织样本。通过检测胆汁中的荧光芳香化合物（FACs）以及肌肉提取物中的SOS色原试验诱导活性来评估基因毒素暴露情况。我们确定了这些暴露是否与红细胞DNA链长度缩短和/或肝脏乙氧基异吩恶唑酮-O-脱乙基酶（EROD）活性诱导有关。所有胆汁样本中均检测到了FACs。大多数肌肉提取物在添加S9的情况下产生了阳性或边缘性的SOS反应。SOS诱导潜力与饮食营养级密切相关。与各自年龄组的模式类别相比，17个成年样本中的14个以及11个幼雏样本中的10个所分离出的红细胞DNA的中位分子长度有所缩短，这表明存在广泛的DNA损伤。休伦湖萨吉诺湾的海鸥DNA损伤最为严重。偏远地区成年和幼雏海鸥的EROD活性中位数显著低于五大湖下游地区的海鸥，且与苯并[a]芘（B[a]P）类FACs的浓度无关。我们的研究结果表明，20世纪90年代初，五大湖的银鸥接触到了具有生物学意义浓度的基因毒素和芳烃受体激活剂。这些物质似乎是持久性生物累积化合物和/或它们的代谢产物。
