Luxemburger Christine, Dutta Anil K
Medical Affairs Sanofi Pasteur, Lyon, France.
J Travel Med. 2005 Apr;12 Suppl 1:S12-21. doi: 10.2310/7060.2005.12053.
Hepatitis A and typhoid fever are endemic infectious diseases in many parts of the world. They share a common, simple mode of transmission--the fecal--oral route-associated with poor hygiene. The low endemicity of both diseases in developed countries, and the rise in travel to exotic destinations for business and leisure, mean that increasing numbers of travelers are being exposed to infection. Effective, established vaccines are available against both diseases, and recently new formulations combining both vaccines in one injection have been licensed. We review the present epidemiologic situation for both diseases, to determine the necessity to routinely vaccinate travelers against both diseases.
甲型肝炎和伤寒是世界上许多地区的地方性传染病。它们有一个共同的、简单的传播方式——与卫生条件差相关的粪口途径。这两种疾病在发达国家的低流行率，以及前往异国他乡进行商务和休闲旅行的人数增加，意味着越来越多的旅行者面临感染风险。目前有针对这两种疾病的有效疫苗，最近一种将两种疫苗合二为一的新配方已获许可。我们回顾了这两种疾病目前的流行病学情况，以确定对旅行者常规接种这两种疾病疫苗的必要性。
