Beutler M, Wiltshire K H, Meyer B, Moldaenke C, Lüring C, Meyerhöfer M, Hansen U-P, Dau H
Zentrum für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie (ZBM), Universität Kiel, Leibnizstr. 11, 24098, Kiel, Germany,
Photosynth Res. 2002;72(1):39-53. doi: 10.1023/A:1016026607048.
Fingerprints of excitation spectra of chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence can be used to differentiate 'spectral groups' of microalgae in vivo and in situ in, for example, vertical profiles within a few seconds. The investigated spectral groups of algae (green group, Chlorophyta; blue, Cyanobacteria; brown, Heterokontophyta, Haptophyta, Dinophyta; mixed, Cryptophyta) are each characterised by a specific composition of photosynthetic antenna pigments and, consequently, by a specific excitation spectrum of the Chl fluorescence. Particularly relevant are Chl a, Chl c, phycocyanobilin, phycoerythrobilin, fucoxanthin and peridinin. A laboratory-based instrument and a submersible instrument were constructed containing light-emitting diodes to excite Chl fluorescence in five distinct wavelength ranges. Norm spectra were determined for the four spectral algal groups (several species per group). Using these norm spectra and the actual five-point excitation spectrum of a water sample, a separate estimate of the respective Chl concentration is rapidly obtained for each algal group. The results of dilution experiments are presented. In vivo and in situ measurements are compared with results obtained by HPLC analysis. Depth profiles of the distribution of spectral algal groups taken over a time period of few seconds are shown. The method for algae differentiation described here opens up new research areas, monitoring and supervision tasks related to photosynthetic primary production in aquatic environments.
叶绿素（Chl）荧光激发光谱的指纹图谱可用于在几秒钟内原位鉴别微藻的“光谱组”，例如在垂直剖面中。所研究的藻类光谱组（绿色组，绿藻门；蓝色组，蓝细菌；棕色组，不等鞭毛藻门、定鞭藻门、甲藻门；混合组，隐藻门）各自具有特定的光合天线色素组成，因此具有特定的Chl荧光激发光谱。特别相关的是叶绿素a、叶绿素c、藻蓝胆素、藻红胆素、岩藻黄质和多甲藻素。构建了一种基于实验室的仪器和一种潜水仪器，其中包含发光二极管，可在五个不同波长范围内激发Chl荧光。测定了四个光谱藻类组的标准光谱（每组几种物种）。利用这些标准光谱和水样的实际五点激发光谱，可迅速获得每个藻类组各自的Chl浓度估计值。给出了稀释实验的结果。将原位和现场测量结果与通过高效液相色谱分析获得的结果进行了比较。展示了在几秒钟内获取的光谱藻类组分布的深度剖面。这里描述的藻类鉴别方法开辟了与水生环境中光合初级生产相关的新研究领域、监测和监督任务。
