Moreno Alejandro, Peel Michael
The Austin Medical Education Programs at Brackenridge Hospital, Austin, Texas 78759, USA.
J Immigr Health. 2004 Oct;6(4):179-86. doi: 10.1023/B:JOIH.0000045255.64395.d1.
Survivors of torture are very likely to have been beaten repeatedly around the head. Apparent brief losses of consciousness are not uncommon following torture, and they may be associated with signs that suggest temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). The relative risk of developing posttraumatic seizures (PTS) is increased by about 50% after a single head injury involving a brief loss of consciousness. It is 2.9 if that loss of consciousness lasts for more than about 30 min. Thus, patients who have been tortured are at increased risk of seizures. TLE is difficult to diagnose and needs specialist investigations, and other conditions that are not uncommon in survivors of torture, such as panic attacks, posttraumatic stress disorder, dissociation, and syncope can all present with similar pictures. This paper addresses the differential diagnosis of posttraumatic epilepsy in survivors of torture.
酷刑幸存者很可能头部遭受过多次殴打。酷刑后出现短暂意识丧失的情况并不罕见，且可能伴有提示颞叶癫痫（TLE）的体征。单次头部受伤伴短暂意识丧失后，发生创伤后癫痫（PTS）的相对风险增加约50%。若意识丧失持续超过约30分钟，该风险则为2.9。因此，遭受过酷刑的患者癫痫发作风险增加。颞叶癫痫难以诊断，需要专业检查，而酷刑幸存者中其他常见病症，如惊恐发作、创伤后应激障碍、分离性障碍和昏厥，也可能呈现相似症状。本文探讨酷刑幸存者创伤后癫痫的鉴别诊断。
