Lacević Amela, Vranić Edina, Zulić Irfan
Department of Dental Pathology and Endodontics, Faculty of Stomatology, Bolnicka 4, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Bosn J Basic Med Sci. 2003 Nov;3(4):26-9. doi: 10.17305/bjbms.2003.3488.
Calcium hydroxide has a hard tissue inducing effect. It is a powder, that can be mixed with a physiological saline to a paste. The paste is highly alkaline with a pH 12.5 and its application to the pulp results in necrosis of the part of coronal pulp tissue shows no or only a milled inflammatory reaction. Analyzing the pH and the concentration of calcium ions in the periapical area, it is obvious that at least 2 weeks are necessary for calcium hydroxide bactericide activity. Calcium hydroxide retains its anti-bacterial properties for about two months when placed under a restoration, after which it degrades to calcium oxide and other less effective calcium salts. All calcium hydroxide preparations have a limited shelf life as they eventually turn into calcium oxide. Calcium hydroxide can be used as linings, for indirect and direct pulp cupping, root dressing, root canal sealant, apical closure. The vehicles play a supportive role, giving pastes chemical characteristics such as dissociation and diffusion as well as favoring the correct filling of the root canal which are decisive factors for antimicrobial potential and tissue healing. The mechanism of action of calcium hydroxide on tissues, inducing the deposition of mineralized tissue, is an extremely important aspect for the indication of calcium hydroxide, because it demonstrates biological compatibility of calcium hydroxide.
氢氧化钙具有硬组织诱导作用。它是一种粉末，可与生理盐水混合成糊剂。该糊剂呈高碱性，pH值为12.5，将其应用于牙髓会导致冠部牙髓组织部分坏死，表现为无炎症反应或仅有轻微炎症反应。分析根尖区的pH值和钙离子浓度可知，氢氧化钙的杀菌活性至少需要2周时间。当置于修复体下方时，氢氧化钙可保持其抗菌性能约两个月，之后会降解为氧化钙和其他效果较差的钙盐。所有氢氧化钙制剂的保质期都有限，因为它们最终都会变成氧化钙。氢氧化钙可用作衬层材料、间接和直接盖髓、根管充填、根管封闭剂、根尖封闭等。载体起辅助作用，赋予糊剂解离和扩散等化学特性，并有利于根管的正确充填，这些是抗菌潜能和组织愈合的决定性因素。氢氧化钙对组织的作用机制，即诱导矿化组织沉积，是氢氧化钙适应证的一个极其重要的方面，因为它证明了氢氧化钙的生物相容性。
