Slawson Chad, Housley Michael P, Hart Gerald W
Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
J Cell Biochem. 2006 Jan 1;97(1):71-83. doi: 10.1002/jcb.20676.
O-GlcNAc is an ubiquitous post-translational protein modification consisting of a single N-acetlyglucosamine moiety linked to serine or threonine residues on nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins. Recent work has begun to uncover the functional roles of O-GlcNAc in cellular processes. O-GlcNAc modified proteins are involved in sensing the nutrient status of the surrounding cellular environment and adjusting the activity of cellular proteins accordingly. O-GlcNAc regulates cellular responses to hormones such as insulin, initiates a protective response to stress, modulates a cell's capacity to grow and divide, and regulates gene transcription. This review will focus on recent work involving O-GlcNAc in sensing the environment and regulating signaling cascades.
O-连接的N-乙酰葡糖胺（O-GlcNAc）是一种普遍存在的蛋白质翻译后修饰，由单个N-乙酰葡糖胺部分与核蛋白和胞质蛋白上的丝氨酸或苏氨酸残基相连组成。最近的研究开始揭示O-GlcNAc在细胞过程中的功能作用。O-GlcNAc修饰的蛋白质参与感知周围细胞环境的营养状态，并相应地调节细胞蛋白质的活性。O-GlcNAc调节细胞对胰岛素等激素的反应，启动对压力的保护反应，调节细胞生长和分裂的能力，并调节基因转录。本综述将重点关注最近涉及O-GlcNAc在感知环境和调节信号级联反应方面的研究工作。
