Benndorf J
Dresden University of Technology, Institute for Hydrobiology, 01062 Dresden.
Water Sci Technol. 2005;52(5):17-24.
Beyond the traditional load reduction also an ecosystem-internal mechanism can be used to minimise the effects of water pollution. The control of the internal mechanisms is achieved through the optimisation of the ecosystem structure. This ecotechnology principle is based on the idea to reduce as much as possible the gap between the current (suboptimal) structural status and the optimum structure by intentional manipulations. The spectrum of such manipulations is very broad. A few examples are demonstrated. They comprise physical (e.g. stream morphology), chemical (e.g. enhancing the redox potential at the sediment-water interface) and biological (e.g. enhancing stocks of predatory fishes) control measures. It can be supposed that a new immission concept including the ecotechnology principle could be much more adequate to the demand of modern water pollution control than the traditional emission and imission concepts.
除了传统的负荷降低外，还可以利用生态系统内部机制来尽量减少水污染的影响。通过优化生态系统结构来实现对内部机制的控制。这种生态技术原理基于这样一种理念，即通过有意的操纵尽可能缩小当前（次优）结构状态与最优结构之间的差距。此类操纵的范围非常广泛。列举了一些例子。它们包括物理（如河流形态）、化学（如提高沉积物 - 水界面的氧化还原电位）和生物（如增加掠食性鱼类种群）控制措施。可以设想，一种包含生态技术原理的新的污染物排放概念可能比传统的排放和污染物排放概念更符合现代水污染控制的需求。
