Goonewardene I M R, Deeyagaha Waduge R P K
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Sri Lanka.
Ceylon Med J. 2005 Sep;50(3):116-20. doi: 10.4038/cmj.v50i3.1428.
Recent studies have suggested that teenage pregnancies are not as hazardous as thought to be earlier.
To compare the sociodemographic data, obstetric complications and attitudes towards family planning in teenagers and older women.
A prospective cohort study at the University Obstetrics Unit, Teaching Hospital, Galle.
Sociodemographic data, details of antenatal care and family support, antenatal complications, gestation at delivery, mode of delivery, the proportion of unplanned pregnancies, and the possible effects of contraceptive counselling, in two groups of pregnant teenagers (13-16 years, n = 95 and 17-19 years, n = 250) were compared with a control group of pregnant women (20-24 years, n = 275).
The teenagers were from lower socioeconomic strata and the younger teenagers were significantly less educated than the controls. Teenagers had a significantly higher risk of anaemia (Odds Ratio (OR) = 2.3, 95%CI = 1.7-3.3, p < 0.001). The younger teenagers had a significantly higher risk of gestational hypertension (OR = 4.8, 95%CI = 1.8-13.0, p < 0.001) and pre-eclampsia (OR = 5.0, 95%CI = 1-27, p = 0.03). The older teenagers had a significantly higher risk of delivery before 34 weeks of gestation (OR = 13.6, 95%CI = 1.8-287, p = 0.001). There were no significant differences in the mode of delivery. The younger teenagers had a much higher proportion (54%) of unplanned pregnancies compared to the controls (16 %). A significantly higher proportion of younger teenagers (48%) and older teenagers (25 %), if counselled, would have delayed their pregnancies compared to the controls (10 %).
Teenage pregnancies, especially those below 17 years of age have a significantly higher risk of adverse outcomes. A large proportion of these pregnancies is unplanned and could be prevented by counselling.
近期研究表明，青少年怀孕并不像之前认为的那样危险。
比较青少年与成年女性的社会人口统计学数据、产科并发症及对计划生育的态度。
在加勒教学医院大学产科病房进行的一项前瞻性队列研究。
将两组怀孕青少年（13 - 16岁，n = 95；17 - 19岁，n = 250）的社会人口统计学数据、产前护理及家庭支持细节、产前并发症、分娩孕周、分娩方式、意外怀孕比例以及避孕咨询的可能效果，与一组怀孕成年女性（20 - 24岁，n = 275）进行比较。
青少年来自社会经济地位较低的阶层，年龄较小的青少年受教育程度明显低于对照组。青少年患贫血的风险显著更高（优势比（OR）= 2.3，95%置信区间 = 1.7 - 3.3，p < 0.001）。年龄较小的青少年患妊娠期高血压（OR = 4.8，95%置信区间 = 1.8 - 13.0，p < 0.001）和先兆子痫（OR = 5.0，95%置信区间 = 1 - 27，p = 0.03）的风险显著更高。年龄较大的青少年在妊娠34周前分娩的风险显著更高（OR = 13.6，95%置信区间 = 1.8 - 287，p = 0.001）。分娩方式无显著差异。与对照组（16%）相比，年龄较小的青少年意外怀孕比例更高（54%）。如果接受咨询，年龄较小的青少年（48%）和年龄较大的青少年（25%）中，相比对照组（10%），会有更高比例推迟怀孕。
青少年怀孕，尤其是17岁以下的青少年怀孕，出现不良结局的风险显著更高。这些怀孕中有很大一部分是意外怀孕，通过咨询可以预防。
