Naveau Sylvie, Perlemuter Gabriel, Balian Axel
Service hépato-gastroentérologie, hôpital Antoine Béclère, 92141 Clamart Cedex.
Rev Prat. 2005 Sep 30;55(14):1527-32.
The cirrhosis prevalence in the whole French population can be estimated between 2000 and 3300 cases/million of individuals. Alcoholism, hepatitis C virus and non alcoholic fatty liver disease are the three most common causes of cirrhosis in France. About 40% of patients with cirrhosis have compensated cirrhosis and are asymptomatic over long period of 1 to 10 years. Decompensation of cirrhosis was considered when a patient first developed one of the mayor complications of the disease (ascites, jaundice, encephalopathy or gastrointestinal haemorrhage). After the first decompensation, the incidence of death is about 10% by year, in the absence of hepatic transplantation. The mortality of patients with cirrhosis and acute varicose bleeding has greatly decreased over the past 2 decades in concurrence with an early and combined use of pharmacological and endoscopic therapy, but hepatocellular carcinoma is the most frequent life threatening complication.
法国全体人口中肝硬化的患病率估计在每百万人口2000至3300例之间。酗酒、丙型肝炎病毒和非酒精性脂肪性肝病是法国肝硬化最常见的三大病因。约40%的肝硬化患者为代偿期肝硬化，在长达1至10年的时间里无症状。当患者首次出现该疾病的主要并发症之一（腹水、黄疸、肝性脑病或胃肠道出血）时，即认为发生了肝硬化失代偿。首次失代偿后，在未进行肝移植的情况下，每年的死亡率约为10%。在过去20年里，随着药物治疗和内镜治疗的早期联合应用，肝硬化合并急性静脉曲张出血患者的死亡率大幅下降，但肝细胞癌是最常见的危及生命的并发症。
