Kalantzi Ioanna, Karakassis Ioannis
Ecology and Biodiversity Laboratory, Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Polytechnioupolis, 73100 Chania, Greece.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2006 May;52(5):484-93. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.09.034. Epub 2005 Oct 27.
A number of 41 papers dealing with the benthic effects of fish farming were reviewed and the values of the variables studied were extracted to be used in a meta-analysis of effects. The papers used covered a wide range of farmed species, geographic regions, management practices and specific site characteristics (e.g., depth, exposure, and sediment type). Therefore, the total data-set may not be considered as biased towards a particular set of conditions as is often the case with data collected in a single study. More than 120 biological and geochemical variables were monitored, occasionally using different sampling and analytical protocols for the same variables. The rank correlation analysis between all possible pairs of variables in the data set showed a large number of significant positive or negative correlations, reflecting the response of these variables to benthic organic enrichment. The use of stepwise regression showed that most biological and geochemical variables are determined by a combination of distance from the farm with bottom depth and/or latitude. Results of stepwise regression, repeated separately for each type of sediment, showed that although the general pattern was similar among different types of sediments, the coefficients varied considerably indicating changes of the distance affected by settling particulate organic material for different sediment types. The overall conclusion is that the complicated interactions between variables and the lack of data, such as current speed, induce difficulties in setting common or uniform environmental quality standards for benthic effects of fish farming and these should take into account the existing considerable differences between geographic regions, depth zones and sediment types.
对41篇关于养鱼业底栖生物影响的论文进行了综述，并提取了所研究变量的值，用于影响的荟萃分析。所使用的论文涵盖了广泛的养殖物种、地理区域、管理实践和特定场地特征（如深度、暴露程度和沉积物类型）。因此，与单一研究中收集的数据通常情况不同，整个数据集可能不会被认为偏向于某一组特定条件。监测了120多个生物和地球化学变量，偶尔对同一变量使用不同的采样和分析方案。数据集中所有可能变量对之间的秩相关分析显示出大量显著的正相关或负相关，反映了这些变量对底栖生物有机富集的响应。逐步回归分析表明，大多数生物和地球化学变量由距养殖场的距离与底部深度和/或纬度的组合决定。针对每种沉积物类型分别重复进行的逐步回归结果表明，尽管不同类型沉积物之间的总体模式相似，但系数差异很大，表明不同沉积物类型中沉降颗粒有机物质影响的距离变化。总体结论是，变量之间复杂的相互作用以及诸如流速等数据的缺乏，给为养鱼业底栖生物影响设定通用或统一的环境质量标准带来了困难，这些标准应考虑到地理区域、深度带和沉积物类型之间现有的显著差异。
