Gundlach A L, Knobe K E
University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, Vic., Australia.
Neurosci Lett. 1992 Mar 16;137(1):123-8. doi: 10.1016/0304-3940(92)90313-v.
Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) is a 27 amino acid peptide that is present in both the central and peripheral nervous systems and that shares immunological and functional properties with the amphibian peptide, bombesin. GRP has multiple putative biological functions including effects on feeding behaviour and carbohydrate metabolism, body temperature, and effects on hormone release, but little is known about the regulation of GRP gene expression in the brain. This study examined the distribution of neurones expressing preproGRP mRNA in rat brain by in situ hybridization of [35S]-labelled DNA oligonucleotides. PreproGRP mRNA was detected in several regions of brain, with highest concentrations in the parvocellular paraventricular and suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus, the lateral and basolateral nuclei of the amygdala, the amygdaloid-hippocampal area and the ventral part of the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus. Moderate levels were seen in layers II and III of the cingulate and retrosplenial cortex, the medial and mediobasal nuclei of the amygdala, the anteroventral thalamic nucleus; medial geniculate nucleus and the parabrachial nucleus. These findings are largely consistent with the cellular localization of GRP-like immunoreactivity in rat brain and recent studies of preproGRP mRNA localization using cRNA probes. The distribution of preproGRP mRNA observed further suggests the involvement of GRP in the central regulation of several functions including regulation of hypothalamic/pituitary hormone release.
胃泌素释放肽（GRP）是一种由27个氨基酸组成的肽，存在于中枢神经系统和外周神经系统中，与两栖类肽蛙皮素具有免疫和功能特性。GRP具有多种假定的生物学功能，包括对摄食行为、碳水化合物代谢、体温的影响以及对激素释放的影响，但关于大脑中GRP基因表达的调控知之甚少。本研究通过[35S]标记的DNA寡核苷酸原位杂交检测了大鼠脑中表达前胃泌素释放肽原mRNA的神经元分布。在前胃泌素释放肽原mRNA在大脑的几个区域被检测到，在下丘脑的小细胞室旁核和视交叉上核、杏仁核的外侧核和基底外侧核、杏仁核-海马区以及齿状回颗粒细胞层的腹侧部分浓度最高。在扣带回和压后皮质的II层和III层、杏仁核的内侧核和内侧基底核、丘脑前腹核、内侧膝状体核和臂旁核中可见中等水平。这些发现与大鼠脑中GRP样免疫反应性的细胞定位以及最近使用cRNA探针进行的前胃泌素释放肽原mRNA定位研究基本一致。观察到的前胃泌素释放肽原mRNA分布进一步表明GRP参与了包括下丘脑/垂体激素释放调节在内的多种功能的中枢调节。
