Preston Charles F, Fulkerson Eric W, Meislin Robert, Di Cesare Paul E
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, NYU-Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, NY 10003, USA.
J Knee Surg. 2005 Oct;18(4):258-72. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1248190.
Varus or valgus malalignment of the knee may be either a cause or a consequence of unicompartmental knee arthritis in young, active adults. Proximal tibial osteotomy for the varus knee and distal femoral osteotomy for the valgus knee have been used for decades to manage this condition; however, their use has decreased significantly in recent years as the popularity of unicompartmental and total knee arthroplasty has grown. With the advent of biologic resurfacing techniques for focal full-thickness articular cartilage injury, combined or staged high tibial osteotomy is becoming increasingly popular. In addition, in the face of cruciate ligamentous instability with or without posterolateral corner instability coupled with varus malalignment, high tibial osteotomy with and without ligament reconstruction provides a solution to complex orthopedic problems. Recent long-term follow-up studies have concluded osteotomy allows for improved function and pain relief in properly selected young patients.
膝关节内翻或外翻畸形可能是年轻、活跃成年人单间室膝关节关节炎的病因或后果。用于治疗内翻膝关节的近端胫骨截骨术和用于治疗外翻膝关节的远端股骨截骨术已经使用了数十年；然而，近年来随着单间室和全膝关节置换术的普及，它们的使用显著减少。随着用于局灶性全层关节软骨损伤的生物表面重建技术的出现，联合或分期高位胫骨截骨术越来越受欢迎。此外，面对伴有或不伴有后外侧角不稳定的交叉韧带不稳定以及内翻畸形，进行或不进行韧带重建的高位胫骨截骨术为复杂的骨科问题提供了解决方案。最近的长期随访研究得出结论，截骨术可使适当选择的年轻患者的功能得到改善，疼痛得到缓解。
