Akkermans J P, Kreeft H J
Stichting Gezondheidsdienst voor Dieren in West- en Midden-Nederland, Gouda.
Tijdschr Diergeneeskd. 1992 Jul 1;117(13):375-9.
The laboratory of the Animal Health Service of South Holland investigated 2410 cases of spontaneous abortion (twins (112) were considered one case). Seventy-eight afterbirths without foetuses were also examined. The aim of the study was not only to find the cause of abortion but also to see whether there was a relation between the results of the different bacteriological, virological and histological tests used. The presence of IgG in the blood of foetuses older than 5 months was also determined. A micro-organism was isolated from 25% of the foetuses. On the basis of results of other tests, it is probable that microbial infection played a role in a further 21% of the abortions. BHV was isolated in 2.5% of the cases. Actinomyces pyogenes was found in 6% of the foetuses and fungi in 3.5%. More infections with Actinomyces pyogenes, Listeria monocytogenes and fungi were observed when the cattle were kept indoors. It is emphasised that both foetuses as well as placental membranes should be examined, and both foetuses of twins. In stable enzooties in the Netherlands, the following infections should be taken into consideration: Brucella abortus, BHV, BVD, Chlamydia psittaci and Leptospira hardjo. The authors stress the need for a more standardised approach to research, the more so because the results could have consequences not only for monitoring activities (checks for Br. abortus) but also for liability.
南荷兰动物卫生服务实验室调查了2410例自然流产病例（双胞胎（112例）视为1例）。还检查了78例无胎儿的胎盘。该研究的目的不仅是找出流产原因，还要观察所采用的不同细菌学、病毒学和组织学检测结果之间是否存在关联。还测定了5个月以上胎儿血液中IgG的存在情况。从25%的胎儿中分离出了一种微生物。根据其他检测结果，在另外21%的流产病例中微生物感染可能起了作用。在2.5%的病例中分离出了牛疱疹病毒。在6%的胎儿中发现了化脓放线菌，在3.5%的胎儿中发现了真菌。当牛圈养在室内时，观察到更多的化脓放线菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌和真菌感染。需要强调的是，胎儿和胎膜都应进行检查，双胞胎的两个胎儿都要检查。在荷兰的稳定地方性流行中，应考虑以下感染：牛布鲁氏菌、牛疱疹病毒、牛病毒性腹泻病毒、鹦鹉热衣原体和哈氏钩端螺旋体。作者强调需要采用更标准化的研究方法，尤其是因为研究结果不仅可能对监测活动（牛布鲁氏菌检查）有影响，还可能涉及责任问题。
