Vargo M M, Robinson L R, Nicholas J J
Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hospitals of the University Health Center of Pittsburgh, Presbyterian University Hospital, Pennsylvania.
Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1992 Jun;71(3):170-6.
Although using a cane contralaterally has been shown to reduce muscular activity across the hip joint, little is known about effects on the knee. We measured muscular activity around the knee in 10 able-bodied subjects. We simultaneously recorded integrated rectified surface electromyographic activity from the right quadriceps, medial and lateral hamstrings, gastrocnemius and hip abductors during various standing maneuvers: two-legged stance, unsupported one-legged stance and one-legged stance putting maximal, moderate (20% body weight) or minimal (10% body weight) force through an ipsilateral or contralateral cane. Electromyographic activity was expressed as the percentage of that recorded during unsupported one-legged stance in each muscle. Hip abductor activity was lowest when maximal weight was placed through a contralateral cane (66%) and highest with maximal weight ipsilaterally (424%). Medial hamstrings activity increased by 404% and 200%, respectively, when maximal and moderate force was applied to a contralateral cane, although there was no change with ipsilateral cane. Lateral hamstrings were also most active during contralateral cane use. Quadriceps activity decreased using a cane in either hand with moderate or minimal force (range 57 to 84%). Gastrocnemius activity decreased during contralateral (60 to 66%) and ipsilateral (75 to 96%) cane use. This data suggests that forces generated by muscular activity around the knee are not uniformly diminished by holding a cane in the contralateral hand and may even be increased.
尽管已经证明对侧使用手杖可以减少髋关节周围的肌肉活动，但对于其对膝关节的影响却知之甚少。我们测量了10名身体健全受试者膝关节周围的肌肉活动。在各种站立动作中，我们同时记录了右侧股四头肌、内侧和外侧腘绳肌、腓肠肌以及髋外展肌的整流表面肌电图积分活动：双脚站立、无支撑单腿站立以及单腿站立时通过同侧或对侧手杖施加最大、中等（体重的20%）或最小（体重的10%）力量。肌电图活动以每条肌肉在无支撑单腿站立时记录的活动百分比来表示。当通过对侧手杖施加最大重量时，髋外展肌活动最低（66%），同侧施加最大重量时最高（424%）。当对侧手杖施加最大和中等力量时，内侧腘绳肌活动分别增加了404%和200%，而同侧手杖使用时则没有变化。在使用对侧手杖时，外侧腘绳肌也最为活跃。使用手杖时，无论用哪只手施加中等或最小力量，股四头肌活动都会降低（范围为57%至84%）。使用对侧（60%至66%）和同侧（75%至96%）手杖时，腓肠肌活动都会降低。这些数据表明，对侧手持手杖并不会均匀地减少膝关节周围肌肉活动产生的力量，甚至可能会增加。
