Elian Nicolas, Wallace Stephan, Cho Sang-Choon, Jalbout Ziad N, Froum Stuart
Ashman Department of Implant Dentistry, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2005 Sep-Oct;20(5):784-7.
Knowledge of the blood supply to the sinus is of importance in sinus augmentation, both as it pertains to vascularization of the sinus graft and as its location relates to the position of the required lateral osteotomy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of the endosseous branches of the maxillary artery in the area of the proposed lateral window.
Fifty computerized tomographic (CT) scans from 625 available patients undergoing sinus augmentation surgery at the New York University Department of Implant Dentistry were chosen at random for evaluation. In those cases where the maxillary artery could be identified, measurements were taken to determine the distance between the alveolar crest and the lower border of the vessel.
The vessel was radiographically identified in 51.4% of right sinuses and 54.3% of left sinuses in the 50 CT scans. The average height of the artery from the alveolar crest was 16 mm (+/- 3.5 mm).
and
Because of its location, the intraosseous artery has the potential to cause bleeding complications in approximately 20% of normally positioned lateral window osteotomies. Although a previous anatomic study on cadavers identified the vessel in 100% of the specimens, it could only be visualized in 53% of the CT scans in the present series.
了解鼻窦的血供对于鼻窦增高术很重要，这既涉及到鼻窦移植物的血管化，也涉及其位置与所需外侧截骨位置的关系。本研究的目的是调查上颌动脉骨内分支在拟行外侧开窗区域的分布情况。
从纽约大学种植牙科625例接受鼻窦增高手术的患者中随机选取50份计算机断层扫描（CT）进行评估。在那些能够识别出上颌动脉的病例中，进行测量以确定牙槽嵴与血管下缘之间的距离。
在50份CT扫描中，右侧鼻窦有51.4%在影像学上可识别出血管，左侧鼻窦有54.3%可识别出。动脉距牙槽嵴的平均高度为16毫米（±3.5毫米）。
由于其位置，骨内动脉在大约20%正常位置的外侧开窗截骨术中有可能导致出血并发症。尽管之前一项关于尸体的解剖学研究在100%的标本中识别出了该血管，但在本系列研究中，只有53%的CT扫描能够显示该血管。
