Watanabe Takeshi, Shiota Makoto, Gao Shang, Imakita Chiharu, Tachikawa Noriko, Kasugai Shohei
Quintessence Int. 2014 Sep;45(8):673-8. doi: 10.3290/j.qi.a32239.
Maxillary sinus augmentation is used when performing implant treatment in the maxillary molar region with inadequate bone height. Posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA) is the branch of the maxillary artery that supplies the lateral sinus wall and sinus membrane. When performing an osteotomy via lateral approach, however, damage to the PSAA can occur, because it runs inside the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus, causing hemorrhage and hampering surgery. The objective of the present study was to compare the defect patterns with the distances from the alveolar crest and sinus floor to the PSAA.
280 lateral regions in 235 patients with at least three missing consecutive posterior teeth were measured. Measurement locations were the 1st premolar (P1), the 2nd premolar (P2), the 1st molar (M1), and the 2nd molar (M2).
The detection rate was 29% to 59%, and the longest diameter was between 1.1 mm and 1.3 mm. The average distances between the PSAA and the alveolar crest were 24.1 mm, 21.3 mm, 15.4 mm, and 15.3 mm (P1-M2), with statistically significant differences in all locations except M1 and M2. The average distances between the PSAA and the maxillary sinus floor were 10.4 mm, 10.4 mm, 9.0 mm, and 8.5 mm (P1-M2), with no significant differences. There were no significant differences between different defect patterns in the distance between the PSAA and either the alveolar crest or the maxillary sinus floor. PSAA detection rate and the longest diameter were related to the spatial resolution of the computed tomography (CT) scan.
Although the distance between the PSAA and the alveolar crest was significantly shorter in the molar region than in the premolar region, it did not affect the defect pattern.
当上颌磨牙区骨高度不足而进行种植治疗时，需进行上颌窦提升术。后上牙槽动脉（PSAA）是上颌动脉的分支，为上颌窦外侧壁和窦膜供血。然而，在通过外侧入路进行截骨术时，PSAA可能会受损，因为它走行于上颌窦外侧壁内，会导致出血并妨碍手术。本研究的目的是比较缺损模式以及牙槽嵴和窦底至PSAA的距离。
对235例至少连续三颗后牙缺失患者的280个外侧区域进行测量。测量部位为第一前磨牙（P1）、第二前磨牙（P2）、第一磨牙（M1）和第二磨牙（M2）。
检出率为29%至59%，最长直径在1.1毫米至1.3毫米之间。PSAA与牙槽嵴之间的平均距离分别为24.1毫米、21.3毫米、15.4毫米和15.3毫米（P1 - M2），除M1和M2外，所有部位均有统计学显著差异。PSAA与上颌窦底之间的平均距离分别为10.4毫米、10.4毫米、9.0毫米和8.5毫米（P1 - M2），无显著差异。PSAA与牙槽嵴或上颌窦底之间的距离在不同缺损模式之间无显著差异。PSAA检出率和最长直径与计算机断层扫描（CT）的空间分辨率有关。
尽管PSAA与牙槽嵴之间的距离在磨牙区比在前磨牙区明显更短，但这并不影响缺损模式。
