Bonfioli Adriana A, Curi Andre L L, Orefice Fernando
Eye & Ear Institute of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Semin Ophthalmol. 2005 Jul-Sep;20(3):143-6. doi: 10.1080/08820530500231995.
Fuchs' heterochromic cyclitis (FHC) is a chronic anterior segment inflammatory syndrome that accounts for 2 to 3% of all uveitis cases. The etiology is unknown, but Herpes simplex, ocular toxoplasmosis and rubella infection have been implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease. It occurs more commonly in the third and fourth decades of life with an equal gender distribution. Patients are usually asymptomatic but may present with floaters and blurry vision. There is a mild but persistent anterior chamber reaction with diffuse and characteristic white stellate keratic precipitates. Iris and trabecular meshwork show abnormal vessels that may sometimes lead to a hyphema. Synechia formation is uncommon. Heterochromia is considered an important feature and accounts for the name, but it is variable depending on the intensity of the anterior stromal atrophy, initial iris color and amount of pigment in the iris pigmented epithelium. Progression of the disease is associated with cataract formation and glaucoma. Anti-inflammatory treatment is not indicated for the low-grade anterior chamber reaction seen in Fuchs' patients. Occasionally, a short course of corticosteroids is indicated if a symptomatic exacerbation occurs. The long-term prognosis is good, and patients usually maintain a visual acuity of 20/40 or better.
富克斯异色性睫状体炎（FHC）是一种慢性眼前节炎症综合征，占所有葡萄膜炎病例的2%至3%。病因不明，但单纯疱疹、眼弓形虫病和风疹感染被认为与该病的发病机制有关。它更常见于生命的第三个和第四个十年，性别分布均等。患者通常无症状，但可能出现飞蚊症和视力模糊。有轻度但持续的前房反应，伴有弥漫性且具有特征性的白色星状角膜后沉着物。虹膜和小梁网显示异常血管，有时可能导致前房积血。虹膜粘连形成不常见。异色症被认为是一个重要特征，也是该病名称的由来，但它因前基质萎缩的程度、初始虹膜颜色以及虹膜色素上皮中的色素量而异。疾病进展与白内障形成和青光眼有关。对于富克斯患者所见的低度前房反应，不建议进行抗炎治疗。偶尔，如果出现症状加重，可使用短期皮质类固醇治疗。长期预后良好，患者通常保持20/40或更好的视力。
