Abbitt P L
Department of Radiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville.
Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 1992 Jul-Aug;21(4):115-47. doi: 10.1016/0363-0188(92)90036-f.
Thrombosis of the portal vein and its splanchnic tributaries is often unsuspected clinically and may be recognized only after imaging studies of the abdomen are performed for other reasons. Radiologists should be aware of the clinical situations that predispose a patient to portal or mesenteric vein thrombosis and should also be able to recognize the sequelae of chronic thrombosis. Different modalities can be used to image the patient with portal vein thrombosis; each has its strengths and drawbacks. This paper discusses the conditions that predispose to portal and mesenteric vein thrombosis, differentiating intrahepatic portal vein occlusion secondary to liver disease from extrahepatic portal vein occlusion associated with a normal liver. The imaging features of portal vein thrombosis, its associated causes and sequelae will be reviewed as demonstrated on computed tomography (CT), ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), angiography, and plain film.
门静脉及其内脏分支的血栓形成在临床上常常难以被察觉，可能仅在因其他原因对腹部进行影像学检查后才得以发现。放射科医生应了解使患者易患门静脉或肠系膜静脉血栓形成的临床情况，还应能够识别慢性血栓形成的后遗症。可使用不同的检查方式对门静脉血栓形成的患者进行成像；每种方式都有其优缺点。本文讨论了易导致门静脉和肠系膜静脉血栓形成的情况，将继发于肝脏疾病的肝内门静脉闭塞与肝脏正常情况下相关的肝外门静脉闭塞区分开来。将根据计算机断层扫描（CT）、超声、磁共振成像（MRI）、血管造影和X线平片所显示的情况，对门静脉血栓形成的影像学特征、其相关病因及后遗症进行综述。
