Tombak M I, Riudiger Iu
Med Tekh. 2005 Sep-Oct(5):24-9.
The evolution of X-ray phosphors, screens, and films from the 1940s to present day and the contribution of the Laboratory of X-Ray Receivers, Russian Scientific Center for Roentgenoradiology, to this process are considered. It is shown that this evolution was mainly due to the attempts to obtain maximal diagnostic information with minimal dose load on patients and medical personnel. As a result, a family of intensifying screens was developed on the basis of traditional calcium-tungstate and zinc-cadmium-sulfide phosphors, as well as new phosphors based on rare-earth oxysulfides, oxyhalides, and tantalites and barium fluorohalides. The classification, properties and fields of application of the screens of all types are described. The permissible limits of the main X-ray film characteristics and the parameters of their processing are discussed from the same point of view. The research into this area will be apparently combined with further development of digital radiography and its introduction into medical practice.
本文探讨了从20世纪40年代至今X射线磷光体、增感屏和胶片的发展历程，以及俄罗斯伦琴放射学科学中心X射线接收器实验室在此过程中的贡献。结果表明，这种发展主要是由于人们试图在对患者和医护人员最小剂量负荷的情况下获取最大的诊断信息。因此，在传统的钨酸钙和硫化锌镉磷光体的基础上，开发了一系列增感屏，以及基于稀土氧硫化物、卤氧化物、钽酸盐和氟卤化钡的新型磷光体。描述了所有类型增感屏的分类、特性和应用领域。从相同的角度讨论了主要X射线胶片特性的允许极限及其处理参数。该领域的研究显然将与数字射线照相术的进一步发展及其在医学实践中的应用相结合。
