Tsou G W, Wu R M, Yen P S, Lee D J, Peng X F
Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 106, Republic of China.
J Colloid Interface Sci. 2002 Jun 15;250(2):400-8. doi: 10.1006/jcis.2002.8317.
This work monitored advection flow through a floc by bubble tracking. Close examination of the motion of a swarm of hydrogen bubbles that passed over a free-falling floc allowed the extent of advection flow to be estimated at 53% for the original activated sludge floc, and 12% for the flocculated floc. The interior permeability of the sludge flocs was estimated from this information. The fluid force exerted on the falling floc was also considered.