Shiffman Saul, Fant Reginald V, Buchhalter August R, Gitchell Joseph G, Henningfield Jack E
University of Pittsburgh Smoking Research Group, Department of Psychology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2005 May;2(3):563-77. doi: 10.1517/17425247.2.3.563.
Over the past 20 years, medicinal nicotine has been used to aid smoking cessation, and has led to a significant increase in the number of smokers who successfully quit. This review describes currently available medicinal nicotine products, which include nicotine patch, gum, lozenge, nasal spray, inhaler and sublingual tablet, including their pharmacokinetics and recommended dosing. New developments in nicotine delivery that could further increase cessation rates include high-dose patches, rapid release gum, combined patch and acute forms, and several novel channels for nicotine delivery, such as nicotine drink, straw, lollipop and a pulmonary inhaler. New applications of existing and novel medicinal nicotine products may include relapse prevention, nicotine maintenance, temporary withdrawal management, reduced smoking and gradual quitting.
在过去20年里，药用尼古丁已被用于辅助戒烟，并使成功戒烟的吸烟者人数显著增加。本综述介绍了目前可用的药用尼古丁产品，包括尼古丁贴片、口香糖、含片、鼻喷雾剂、吸入器和舌下片，以及它们的药代动力学和推荐剂量。尼古丁递送方面的新进展可能会进一步提高戒烟率，包括高剂量贴片、快速释放口香糖、贴片与急性剂型组合，以及几种新型尼古丁递送途径，如尼古丁饮料、吸管、棒棒糖和肺部吸入器。现有和新型药用尼古丁产品的新应用可能包括预防复吸、尼古丁维持、临时戒断管理、减少吸烟和逐步戒烟。
